@conference {181, title = {Application of a Model-Driven Approach to the Development of Distributed Simulations: The ESA HRAF Case}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2020 Spring Simulation Conference, SpringSim 2020}, year = {2020}, doi = {10.22360/SpringSim.2020.Mod4Sim.002}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85092068247\&doi=10.22360\%2fSpringSim.2020.Mod4Sim.002\&partnerID=40\&md5=d7db107af9954a190c5b3cbfaab00e99}, author = {D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio, A. and Bocciarelli, P. and Delfa, J. and Kisdi, A.} } @conference {213, title = {ArTIC-MS: An Architecture for Tosca-Based Inter-Cloud Modeling and Simulation}, booktitle = {Proceedings - Winter Simulation Conference}, year = {2020}, doi = {10.1109/WSC48552.2020.9384005}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85103901234\&doi=10.1109\%2fWSC48552.2020.9384005\&partnerID=40\&md5=75978a21c5de7cb94d4fcbae4d10e418}, author = {Bocciarelli, P. and D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio, A. and Durak, U.} } @article {180, title = {Modeling Resources to Simulate Business Process Reliability}, journal = {ACM Transactions on Modeling and Computer Simulation}, volume = {30}, year = {2020}, doi = {10.1145/3381453}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85087756691\&doi=10.1145\%2f3381453\&partnerID=40\&md5=673e966eb20621494c2d119f7d2fb3fb}, author = {Bocciarelli, P. and D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio, A. and Giglio, A. and Paglia, E.} } @conference {214, title = {Rethinking Simulation Engineering Process for MSaaS}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Workshop on Enabling Technologies: Infrastructure for Collaborative Enterprises, WETICE}, year = {2020}, doi = {10.1109/WETICE49692.2020.00025}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85100713775\&doi=10.1109\%2fWETICE49692.2020.00025\&partnerID=40\&md5=19a68f8d07c25546ebb4748debe5266c}, author = {Bocciarelli, P. and D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio, A. and Durak, U. and Panetti, T.} } @conference {215, title = {Safety-critical simulation engineering}, booktitle = {2020 Summer Simulation Multi-Conference, SummerSim 2020}, year = {2020}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85099312307\&partnerID=40\&md5=3bbbdc7e28a75c02b16ccf94f92b7c28}, author = {Durak, U. and D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio, A. and Bocciarelli, P.} } @conference {188, title = {Automated generation of FOM modules for HLA-based distributed simulations}, booktitle = {2019 Spring Simulation Conference, SpringSim 2019}, year = {2019}, doi = {10.23919/SpringSim.2019.8732865}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85068620179\&doi=10.23919\%2fSpringSim.2019.8732865\&partnerID=40\&md5=7732070a3d1ae833312898865e381add}, author = {Bocciarelli, P. and D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio, A. and Giglio, A. and Paglia, E.} } @conference {182, title = {BPMN-Based Business Process Modeling and Simulation}, booktitle = {Proceedings - Winter Simulation Conference}, year = {2019}, doi = {10.1109/WSC40007.2019.9004960}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85081140337\&doi=10.1109\%2fWSC40007.2019.9004960\&partnerID=40\&md5=562c397f5282b4d755ea42195d8f5d51}, author = {Bocciarelli, P. and D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio, A. and Giglio, A. and Paglia, E.} } @conference {189, title = {A microservice-based approach for fine-grained simulation in msaas platforms}, booktitle = {Simulation Series}, year = {2019}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85074846792\&partnerID=40\&md5=4e1191158a88c583834f3858c02dce23}, author = {Bocciarelli, P. and D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio, A. and Giglio, A. and Paglia, E.} } @article {184, title = {A model-driven approach to enable the simulation of complex systems on distributed architectures}, journal = {Simulation}, volume = {95}, year = {2019}, pages = {1185-1211}, doi = {10.1177/0037549719829828}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85062333445\&doi=10.1177\%2f0037549719829828\&partnerID=40\&md5=3941c1c83541f608b5cf58e6885d8c97}, author = {Bocciarelli, P. and D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio, A. and Falcone, A. and Garro, A. and Giglio, A.} } @conference {183, title = {Model-Driven Distributed Simulation Engineering}, booktitle = {Proceedings - Winter Simulation Conference}, year = {2019}, doi = {10.1109/WSC40007.2019.9004937}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85081138260\&doi=10.1109\%2fWSC40007.2019.9004937\&partnerID=40\&md5=302392caf8683ab4ea72625485cef6fe}, author = {Bocciarelli, P. and D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio, A. and Giglio, A. and Paglia, E.} } @article {194, title = {A BPMN extension to support discrete-event simulation for healthcare applications: An explicit representation of queues, attributes and data-driven decision points}, journal = {Journal of the Operational Research Society}, volume = {69}, year = {2018}, pages = {788-802}, doi = {10.1057/s41274-017-0267-7}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85021790477\&doi=10.1057\%2fs41274-017-0267-7\&partnerID=40\&md5=f0f30c77b3cccc771c50d7b8b6c878d4}, author = {Onggo, B.S.S. and Proudlove, N.C. and D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio, A. and Calabrese, A. and Bisogno, S. and Levialdi Ghiron, N.} } @conference {201, title = {Hybrid simulation for cyber physical systems {\textendash} A panel on where are we going regarding complexity, intelligence, and adaptability of CPS using simulation}, booktitle = {Simulation Series}, year = {2018}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85055249409\&partnerID=40\&md5=8c3725d12df561fd50563f0c023d4f62}, author = {Tolk, A. and Barros, F. and D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio, A. and Rajhans, A. and Mosterman, P.J. and Shetty, S.S. and Traor{\'e}, M.K. and Vangheluwe, H. and Yilmaz, L.} } @conference {199, title = {Model transformation services for MSAAS platforms}, booktitle = {Simulation Series}, year = {2018}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85055335212\&partnerID=40\&md5=f88e9b0301895d7e94400366e42d2934}, author = {Bocciarelli, P. and D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio, A. and Giglio, A. and Paglia, E.} } @conference {197, title = {On the performance prediction capabilities of the eBPMN-based model-driven method for business process simulation}, booktitle = {CEUR Workshop Proceedings}, year = {2018}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85057539414\&partnerID=40\&md5=3bef7d424e5ac1e2c55966a7b44a3092}, author = {Bocciarelli, P. and D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio, A. and Paglia, E. and Giglio, A.} } @conference {196, title = {A service-in-the-loop approach for business process simulation based on microservices}, booktitle = {Simulation Series}, year = {2018}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85061225342\&partnerID=40\&md5=248b0d97368d17bf04c9d37b12081c70}, author = {Bocciarelli, P. and D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio, A. and Paglia, E. and Giglio, A.} } @conference {154, title = {Automated development of web-based modeling services for MSaaS platforms}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Symposium on Model-driven Approaches for Simulation Engineering (Mod4Sim 2017) {\textendash} part of SpringSim 2017}, year = {2017}, publisher = {The Society for Modeling and Simulation International}, organization = {The Society for Modeling and Simulation International}, abstract = {

MSaaS (M\&S as a Service) is gaining momentum as an effective approach to bring the benefits of service-oriented architectures and cloud computing into the M\&S field, so as to enhance interoperability, composability, reusability and reduce the cost of M\&S efforts. Such significant advantages can be further enhanced by introducing automated model transformations that support the various phases of a M\&S effort, from simulation model building down to model implementation, deployment and execution. In previous contributions we have already addressed the use of automated model transformations that can be effectively adopted to provide simulation services for MSaaS platforms. This paper instead focuses on the automated development of modeling services for MSaaS, i.e., those services that allow platform users to easily build models in their own modeling language by use of a web-based user interface. Specifically, this work proposes an approach to automatically generate web-based visual editors from a metamodel that defines a given modeling language. Once generated, such editors can be made available on demand through a complete MSaaS platform, which also includes simulation services. The paper first describes the architecture of a MSaaS platform that includes modeling services, then illustrates the method for the automated development of web-based modeling services and, finally, gives a complete example application of the proposed method. {\textcopyright}2017 Society for Modeling \& Simulation International (SCS).

}, keywords = {Automation, Information services, Interoperability, Model driven development, Model transformation, Modeling languages, MSaaS, Reusability, Service oriented architecture (SOA), User interfaces, Visual editors, Visual languages, Web services, Web-based modeling, Websites}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85020620129\&partnerID=40\&md5=d5baa89a6c01329dba3a44c6afbf1e92}, author = {Bocciarelli, P. and D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio, A. and Mastromattei, A. and Giglio, A.}, editor = {Durak U. and Cetinkaya D. and D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio A.} } @conference {148, title = {A BPMN extension for modeling Cyber-Physical-Production-Systems in the context of Industry 4.0}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2017 IEEE 14th International Conference on Networking, Sensing and Control, ICNSC 2017}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.}, organization = {Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.}, abstract = {

Industry 4.0 denotes a recent trend that aims at exploiting Cyber Physical Systems (CPS), based on IoT (Internet of Things) and cloud computing technologies, to obtain increased degrees of cooperation and communication in production systems, thus leading to what is referred to as Cyber Physical Production Systems (CPPS) or {\textquoteright}Smart Factories{\textquoteright}. {\textcopyright} 2017 IEEE.

}, keywords = {Administrative data processing, BPMN, Business process management, Cloud computing technologies, CPPS, Cyber Physical System, Cyber physicals, Cyber-physical systems (CPS), Distributed computer systems, Embedded systems, Enterprise resource management, Industrial plants, Internet of things, Production system, Resources management}, isbn = {9781509044283}, doi = {10.1109/ICNSC.2017.8000159}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85028506510\&doi=10.1109\%2fICNSC.2017.8000159\&partnerID=40\&md5=21f941fe91fbcb4bc02afe439cad2075}, author = {Bocciarelli, P. and D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio, A. and Giglio, A. and Paglia, E.}, editor = {Guerrieri A., Fortino G., Vasilakos A.V., Zhou M., Lukszo Z., Palau C., Liotta A., Vinci A., Basile F., Fanti M.P.} } @article {149, title = {A BPMN extension to support discrete-event simulation for healthcare applications: an explicit representation of queues, attributes and data-driven decision points}, journal = {Journal of the Operational Research Society}, year = {2017}, pages = {1-15}, abstract = {

Stakeholder engagement in simulation projects is important, especially in healthcare where there is a plurality of stakeholder opinions, objectives and power. One promising approach for increasing engagement is facilitated modelling. Currently, the complexity of producing a simulation model means that the {\textquoteleft}model coding{\textquoteright} stage is performed without the involvement of stakeholders, interrupting the possibility of a fully facilitated project. Early work demonstrated that with currently available software tools we can represent a simple healthcare process using Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN) and generate a simulation model automatically. However, for more complex processes, BPMN currently has a number of limitations, namely the ability to represent queues and data-driven decision points. To address these limitations, we propose a conceptual design for an extension to BPMN (BPMN4SIM) using model-driven architecture. Application to an elderly emergency care pathway in a UK hospital shows that BPMN4SIM is able to represent a more complex business process. {\textcopyright} 2017 The Operational Research Society

}, keywords = {BPMN, Business process model and notation (BPMN), Computer aided software engineering, Computer software, Conceptual design, Data driven decision, Discrete event simulation, Explicit representation, Health care, Health care application, Model driven architectures, Simulation projects, Software architecture, Software design, Stakeholder engagement}, issn = {01605682}, doi = {10.1057/s41274-017-0267-7}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85021790477\&doi=10.1057\%2fs41274-017-0267-7\&partnerID=40\&md5=f0f30c77b3cccc771c50d7b8b6c878d4}, author = {Onggo, B.S.S. and Proudlove, N.C. and D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio, A. and Calabrese, A. and Bisogno, S. and Levialdi Ghiron, N.} } @conference {157, title = {Business process modeling and simulation: State of the art and MSaaS opportunities}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2017 Summer Simulation Multi-Conference (SummerSim 2017)}, year = {2017}, publisher = {The Society for Modeling and Simulation International}, organization = {The Society for Modeling and Simulation International}, abstract = {

The analysis and continuous improvement of business processes (BPs) has a strategic relevance for those enterprises that strongly rely on the performance of their operational processes to deliver services and/or goods to customers. The adoption of Modeling \& Simulation (M\&S) approaches is widely recognized as a valuable solution for analyzing and improving BPs, even though it is not yet fully exploited, due to the required know-how, effort and cost. In this context, M\&S as a Service (MSaaS) is a promising paradigm that contributes to effectively ease the introduction of M\&S approaches in the BP lifecyle, by saving the investments required to build and maintain the needed hardware and software infrastructure. This paper first illustrates a survey that analyzes the state-of-The-Art regarding the adoption of M\&S approaches in the BP domain and then, starting from a set of identified open issues, proposes a next generation MSaaS architecture which aims at enabling a time-And cost-effective M\&S-based analysis of BPs. {\textcopyright} 2017 Society for Modeling \& Simulation International (SCS).

}, keywords = {Architecture, Business Process, Business process model, Continuous improvements, Cost benefit analysis, Cost effective, Cost effectiveness, Hardware and software, Investments, MSaaS, Operational process, State of the art, Surveying, Surveys, Systems engineering, Technology transfer}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85029479125\&partnerID=40\&md5=ba1a219978ded9acd748ff217becba43}, author = {Bocciarelli, P. and D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio, A. and Mastromattei, A. and Paglia, E. and Giglio, A.}, editor = {Syriani E. and D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio A.} } @conference {156, title = {A cloud-based service-oriented architecture for business process modeling and simulation}, booktitle = {CEUR Workshop Proceedings {\textendash} INCOSE Italia Conference on Systems Engineering}, year = {2017}, publisher = {CEUR-WS}, organization = {CEUR-WS}, abstract = {

The adoption of Modeling \& Simulation (M\&S) approaches is widely recognized as a valuable solution for enacting a timely analysis of business processes (BPs). Despite their relevance, the effective introduction of such approaches in the BP lifecycle is still limited, due to the know-how and skills for building and implementing a simulation model and to the cost and effort for setting up and maintaining the execution platform. In this respect, this paper proposes a cloud-based architecture that exploits the M\&S as a Service (MSaaS) paradigm and containerization technology for the flexible and dynamic composition of M\&S services, so to allow business analysts to carry out an effortless and effective M\&S-based BP analysis. An example case study dealing with an e-commerce scenario is also presented in order to show the actual application of the proposed approach.

}, keywords = {Business analysts, Business Process, Business process model, Cloud-based, Cloud-based architectures, Computer architecture, Dynamic composition, Execution platforms, Information services, Service oriented architecture (SOA), Simulation model, Systems engineering, Technology transfer}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85038838268\&partnerID=40\&md5=801305b85d284d68f1f5963ae4bc3f4d}, author = {Bocciarelli, P. and D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio, A. and Paglia, E. and Panetti, T. and Giglio, A.} } @conference {161, title = {An HLA-based BPMN extension for the specification of business process collaborations}, booktitle = {Proceedings - 2017 IEEE/ACM 21st International Symposium on Distributed Simulation and Real Time Applications, DS-RT 2017}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.}, organization = {Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.}, abstract = {

Inter-organization business process collaboration is one of the most significant factors driving today{\textquoteright}s global business development. Such collaborations are typically composed by various processes executed by different organizations and are often difficult to specify and analyze, due to their distributed nature and to data interoperability issues. The standard notation for business process modeling, namely BPMN (Business Process Model and Notation), only provides a limited support to the specification of collaborations. This paper introduces a data model extension of BPMN inspired by the HLA (High Level Architecture) distributed simulation standard. In addition, the paper proposes a metamodel-based mapping from BPMN to HLA, which can be seen as a significant step towards the implementation of a conceptual framework for specifying and analyzing collaborative business processes by use of distributed simulation approaches. {\textcopyright} 2017 IEEE.

}, keywords = {Business process collaborations, Business process model, Collaborative business process, Conceptual frameworks, Data interoperability, Distributed simulations, High level architecture, Inter-organization, Specifications, Systems engineering}, isbn = {9781538640289}, doi = {10.1109/DISTRA.2017.8167668}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85042934707\&doi=10.1109\%2fDISTRA.2017.8167668\&partnerID=40\&md5=6c81677377651843e2f16ce6cf4cc261}, author = {Bocciarelli, P. and D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio, A. and Paglia, E. and Giglio, A.} } @conference {150, title = {A PAAS-Based framework for automated performance analysis of service-oriented systems}, booktitle = {Proceedings - Winter Simulation Conference}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.}, organization = {Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.}, abstract = {

Service-oriented systems are often at the core of mission- or business-critical systems, and thus advanced quantitative analysis techniques are needed to assess, from the early development stages, whether or not the system accomplishes the stakeholder requirements and constraints. In this respect, in order to take advantage of the distributed nature of the considered systems, the use of distributed simulation (DS) appears the most natural and effective simulation approach. Nevertheless, the integration of traditional system development processes with DS approaches can be cost-And time-demanding. This paper presents SOAsim, a highly automated framework that allows system designers to generate the executable DS code from the model-based specification of the system under study, by use of automated model transformations. Moreover, in order to reduce the costs of setting-up dedicated DS platforms, SOAsim also automates the DS deployment and execution over a cloud-based infrastructure, according to a Platform-As-A-Service (PaaS) paradigm. {\textcopyright} 2016 IEEE.

}, keywords = {Automated model transformations, Automated performance analysis, Automation, Computer aided software engineering, Development stages, Distributed simulations, Model-based specifications, Platform as a Service (PaaS), Service Oriented Systems, Simulation approach, Traditional systems}, isbn = {9781509044863}, doi = {10.1109/WSC.2016.7822154}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85014155535\&doi=10.1109\%2fWSC.2016.7822154\&partnerID=40\&md5=588d85610cba0fbef476d22e0f4a006f}, author = {D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio, A. and Bocciarelli, P. and Mastromattei, A.}, editor = {Roeder T.M., Szechtman R., Frazier P.I., Zhou E.} } @conference {Gianni20162644, title = {A model-driven and simulation-based method to analyze building evacuation plans}, booktitle = {Proceedings - Winter Simulation Conference}, volume = {2016-February}, year = {2016}, note = {cited By 1}, pages = {2644-2655}, publisher = {Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.}, organization = {Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.}, abstract = {

Modern buildings are often expected to satisfy minimum safety requirements to define upper bounds for safety metrics, such as evacuation time. The building design must therefore consider prediction of these metrics for a set of representative evacuation scenarios. These scenarios can be rather complex, and often can be investigated only using building evacuation simulators. However, these simulators might require considerable development effort, and their use might therefore become less convenient, for time and cost issues. In this respect, this paper introduces a model-driven method to automatically develop building evacuation simulators from informal specifications of building evacuation scenarios, i.e., building plans and behavioral descriptions of evacuees. Specifically, the paper shows how a floor plan develops in the structural characteristics of an Extended Queueing Network (EQN) model and how the behavioral description can be used to parameterize the EQN model. The paper also presents an example application along with preliminary validation issues. {\textcopyright} 2015 IEEE.

}, keywords = {Architectural design, Behavioral descriptions, Building components, Building design, Building evacuation, Buildings, Complex networks, Model-driven method, Modern buildings, Queueing networks, Safety requirements, Simulation-based method, Simulators, Structural characteristics}, isbn = {9781467397438}, issn = {08917736}, doi = {10.1109/WSC.2015.7408372}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84962833056\&partnerID=40\&md5=0f1ea728c9ece7012654f0b378a1486c}, author = {Gianni, D. and Bocciarelli, P. and Andrea D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio and Iazeolla, G.} } @conference {Bocciarelli2016436, title = {Modeling-To-simulation: Transformation approaches to boost automation in modeling \& simulation}, booktitle = {Simulation Series}, volume = {48}, number = {9}, year = {2016}, note = {cited By 0}, pages = {436-443}, abstract = {

The use of automated transformation approaches based on model-driven principles and standards promises to be a significant enablcr of time, effort and cost savings in the Modeling and Simulation (M\&S) field. This paper specifically addresses the distributed simulation (DS) domain, which allows to naturally cope with the ever growing complexity and distributed nature of modern systems. Unfortunately, the use of DS in a system development lifecycle can be a challenging issue due to the fact that: i) the use of DS frameworks and standards requires significant and specific technical skills system engineers are usually not familiar with; ii) the development of a DS is an effort-, time- demanding and error-prone activity. In this respect, this paper shows the benefits of using a model-driven transformation approach to the development of DS systems. Specifically, the paper presents and compares two main approaches, namely the conventional approach, based on a standard model- driven process, and an innovative approach that exploits the SimArch layered architecture. {\textcopyright} 2016 Society for Modeling \& Simulation International (SCS).

}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84994613927\&partnerID=40\&md5=337a29162550b91004048cf1479cb212}, author = {Bocciarelli, P. and Andrea D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio} } @proceedings {139, title = {Proceedings of the INCOSE Italia Conference on Systems Engineering (CIISE 2016)}, year = {2016}, publisher = {CEUR-WS}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84999233532\&partnerID=40\&md5=dac6006ef9d14971813b39698357c41d}, author = {Brusa, E. and D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio, A. and Garro, A. and Tirone, L. and Tundis, A.} } @conference {D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio2016, title = {Towards performance-oriented perfective evolution of BPMN models}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2016 Spring Simulation Multiconference - TMS/DEVS Symposium on Theory of Modeling and Simulation, TMS/DEVS 2016}, year = {2016}, note = {cited By 0}, publisher = {The Society for Modeling and Simulation International}, organization = {The Society for Modeling and Simulation International}, abstract = {

Simulation techniques are successfully applied to analyze and validate the performance of a business process (BP) since the early phases of its lifecycle, when the BP representation is commonly specified in BPMN. The BP simulation model is first to be built from the BPMN model, then implemented and finally executed to yield the performance indices of interest. The model building activity includes a parameterization task that is carried out either by use of tool-specific facilities or through standardized languages for specifying simulation model parameters. In both cases, the parameters have to be externally linked to the BPMN model. A similar reasoning applies to the simulation results. This paper introduces a BPMN extension to annotate BPMN models with both the input parameters and the results provided by the BP analysis, so as to include in a single BPMN model all the data associated to the simulation-based analysis of a given BP. The paper also outlines an architecture that exploits the proposed extension to realize the performance-oriented perfective evolution of BPMN models, or the ability to introduce a feedback chain that makes use of simulation results to automatically refactor a BP model in order to better meet the BP performance objectives. {\textcopyright}2016 Society for Modeling \& Simulation International (SCS).

}, keywords = {BPMN, Business Process, Circuit simulation, Performance indices, Performance objective, Performance-oriented, Simulation, Simulation technique, Simulation-based analysis, Software architecture, Software engineering}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84978142027\&partnerID=40\&md5=d9a565c888c8c352dcbe3e6d0a81d2ac}, author = {Andrea D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio and Paglia, E. and Bocciarelli, P. and Giglio, A.}, editor = {Barros F., Hu X., Denil J., Prahofer H.} } @conference { 2108_130663, title = {A model-driven approach to enable the distributed simulation of complex systems}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Complex Systems Design \& Management (CSD\&M 2015)}, year = {2015}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-26109-6}, author = {Bocciarelli, P and D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio, A and Falcone, A and Garro, A and Giglio, A} } @conference {Bocciarelli2015213, title = {A model-driven framework for distributed simulation of autonomous systems}, booktitle = {Simulation Series}, volume = {47}, number = {8}, year = {2015}, note = {cited By 1}, pages = {213-220}, publisher = {The Society for Modeling and Simulation International}, organization = {The Society for Modeling and Simulation International}, abstract = {

The adoption of systems with autonomous capabilities is becoming more and more relevant in many real-world operational scenarios, in which risky operations have to be carried out (e.g., a military battlefield or a search-and-rescue operation). In this context, innovative approaches should be introduced at design time to ensure that the system will achieve the mission objectives at operation time. To this purpose, distributed simulation techniques have shown to be effective to deal with the inherent complexity of the environment to be simulated, which generally includes several interacting entities. Unfortunately, currently available distributed simulation standards, such as HLA (High Level Architecture), require a non-negligible effort and significant skills in terms of both simulation methodologies and related implementation technologies. In this respect, this paper focuses on the simulationbased analysis of systems with autonomous capabilities and introduces a model-driven approach to support the automated generation of HLA-based distributed simulations. The proposed approach is founded on the use of model transformation techniques and allows system designers to carry out a timely and cost-effective simulation-based analysis of the operational system without being required to own specific distributed simulation skills. {\textcopyright} 2015 Society for Modeling \& Simulation International (SCS).

}, keywords = {Autonomous systems, Cost effectiveness, Distributed simulation techniques, Distributed simulations, MDA, Model driven development, Model transformation technique, Search and rescue operations, Simulation-based analysis, Software architecture}, issn = {07359276}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84928155948\&partnerID=40\&md5=9e8205a446169e040469dff647e9cfa3}, author = {Bocciarelli, P. and Andrea D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio and Giglio, A. and Paglia, E.}, editor = {Wang M.H., Barros F., D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio A., Zacharewicz G.} } @book {Bocciarelli2015425, title = {A model-driven method for the design-time performance analysis of service-oriented software systems}, series = {Modeling and Simulation of Computer Networks and Systems: Methodologies and Applications}, year = {2015}, note = {cited By 0}, pages = {425-450}, publisher = {Elsevier Inc.}, organization = {Elsevier Inc.}, abstract = {

Service-oriented architecture (SOA) is one of the prominent architectural paradigms recently adopted in the software development field. According to SOA principles, a distributed software system can be seen as an orchestration of software services deployed and executed onto networked hosts. The design-time analysis of SOA-based software systems demands new approaches that take into account both the inherent complexity and the architectural characteristics of such systems. In this respect, simulation-based approaches have proven to be effective to obtain quantitative predictions of system performance. Specifically, this chapter explains distributed simulation as a valuable technique to deal with the intrinsic distributed nature of SOA-based systems. Unfortunately, the adoption of distributed simulation requires a significant expertise and a considerable effort due to the complexity of currently available distributed simulation standards and technologies. This chapter introduces an automated method to reduce the effort and make distributed simulation easier to use. The method takes as input a design model of the SOA-based software system and yields as output the corresponding simulation model, ready to be deployed and transparently executed onto either a local or a distributed simulation engine. The design model is specified as a UML (Unified Modeling Language) model extended by use of the SoaML (Service-oriented architecture Modeling Language) profile, while the simulation model is specified in jEQN, a domain-specific language for the simulation of EQN (Extended Queueing Network) models. jEQN is part of SimArch, a layered architecture that eases the use of distributed simulation by hiding all the implementation details of the distributed execution platform. The proposed method is founded on the use of automated model transformations, with specific reference to standards and languages provided by the MDA (Model Driven Architecture). The joint use of automated model transformations and SimArch allows the user to effortlessly obtain, at design time, the performance-oriented distributed simulation model of the SOA-based system under development, thus giving system designers the ability to predict the performance behavior of the to-be system and/or to evaluate the impact on performance of different design alternatives. The chapter also presents an example application that shows how involved stakeholders can effectively benefit from the application of the proposed method. {\textcopyright} 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

}, isbn = {9780128011584; 9780128008874}, doi = {10.1016/B978-0-12-800887-4.00014-6}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84940029561\&partnerID=40\&md5=034757f8dc6f541fc5f0bb51a78331da}, author = {Bocciarelli, P. and Andrea D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio} } @conference {Bocciarelli20153012, title = {Simulation-based performance and reliability analysis of business processes}, booktitle = {Proceedings - Winter Simulation Conference}, volume = {2015-January}, year = {2015}, note = {cited By 2}, pages = {3012-3023}, publisher = {Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.}, organization = {Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.}, abstract = {

The use of process modeling combined with the use of simulation-based analysis provides a valuable way to analyze business processes (BPs) and to evaluate design alternatives before committing resources and effort. The simulation-based analysis of BPs usually addresses performance in terms of efficiency, i.e., focusing on time-related properties (e.g., throughput or execution time). Differently, this paper proposes an automated method for the analysis of BPs in terms of both efficiency-related performance and reliability. In addition, the method allows business analysts to carry out a joint performance and reliability analysis by introducing a so-called performability attribute. The proposed method is illustrated by use of a running example dealing with a conventional e-commerce scenario. {\textcopyright} 2014 IEEE.

}, keywords = {Automated methods, Business analysts, Business Process, Design alternatives, Joint performance, Performance and reliabilities, Process Modeling, Reliability, Reliability analysis, Simulation-based analysis}, isbn = {9781479974863}, issn = {08917736}, doi = {10.1109/WSC.2014.7020140}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84940521933\&partnerID=40\&md5=04c0407c66dbcda5756df2c96a686040}, author = {Bocciarelli, P. and Andrea D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio and Giglio, A. and Paglia, E.}, editor = {Tolk A., Diallo S.Y., Ryzhov I.O., Yilmaz L.} } @conference {Bocciarelli2014278, title = {Empowering business process simulation through automated model transformations}, booktitle = {Simulation Series}, volume = {46}, number = {4}, year = {2014}, note = {cited By 2}, pages = {278-286}, publisher = {The Society for Modeling and Simulation International}, organization = {The Society for Modeling and Simulation International}, abstract = {Simulation is one of the most relevant techniques that can be used in the business process management domain to effectively enact a continuous enhancement of business processes (BPs). However, the effectiveness of BP simulation is still limited for several reasons (e.g., lack of simulation know-how of BP analysts, simulation model parameters hard to determine, semantic gap between the business process model and the simulation model). To overcome these limitations, this paper proposes a model-driven method that introduces a set of model transformations to automate the generation of executable simulation code of a BP from its abstract definition in BPMN, the standard language for specifying business processes. The simulation code is specified in eBPMN, a Java-based domain-specific language that has been designed and implemented according to the BPMN execution semantics.}, keywords = {Administrative data processing, BPM, BPMN, Computer simulation, Computer simulation languages, EBPMN, Enterprise resource management, Mathematical models, MDA, Model transformation, Problem oriented languages, Semantics, Software architecture, Technology transfer}, isbn = {9781632662156}, issn = {07359276}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84901985241\&partnerID=40\&md5=ebb5d7bb28209e8901e06a4b70f40735}, author = {Bocciarelli, P. and Andrea D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio and Giglio, A. and Paglia, E. and Gianni, D.} } @conference {Bocciarelli2014325, title = {A language for enabling model-driven analysis of business processes}, booktitle = {MODELSWARD 2014 - Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Model-Driven Engineering and Software Development}, year = {2014}, note = {cited By 5}, pages = {325-332}, publisher = {SciTePress}, organization = {SciTePress}, abstract = {

The use of simulation-based approaches for the analysis of business processes enables the design-time prediction of the process behavior and/or the operation-time process reconfiguration. However, the effectiveness of BP simulation is still limited for several reasons (e.g., lack of simulation know-how of BP analysts, simulation model parameters that can be hard to gather, large semantic gap between the business process model and the simulation model). To overcome such limitations, this paper introduces a modeldriven method to automatically build the executable simulation code of a business process from its abstract definition in BPMN, the standard language for specifying business processes. The simulation code is specified in eBPMN, a novel domain-specific language that has been designed and implemented according to the BPMN execution semantics. Copyright {\textcopyright} 2014 SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications. All rights reserved.

}, keywords = {BPMN, Business Process, Computer simulation, Computer simulation languages, Domain specific languages, Model transformation, Performance, Problem oriented languages, Semantics, Simulation, Software design, Technology transfer}, isbn = {9789897580079}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84906910126\&partnerID=40\&md5=d8853e490341214705bedcb2f8ce2260}, author = {Bocciarelli, P. and Andrea D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio and Paglia, E.} } @conference {Bocciarelli201448, title = {A methodological template for model driven systems engineering}, booktitle = {CEUR Workshop Proceedings}, volume = {1300}, year = {2014}, note = {cited By 0}, pages = {48-58}, publisher = {CEUR-WS}, organization = {CEUR-WS}, abstract = {The advent of formal modeling languages (e.g., UML and SysML) and system architecture frameworks (e.g., DoDAF and MODAF) has given systems engineers the ability to effectively describe the requirements as well as the behavior and the structure of systems. Approaches founded on the use of modeling languages and frameworks are grouped under the banner of MBSE (Model Based Systems Engineering). The basic idea is that a model evolves over the system development life-cycle, until it becomes the built-to baseline. In this paper, we consider a modeling approach based on the use of a metamodeling architecture that focuses on the use of models as the primary artifacts of system development. We specifically address the use of MDA (Model Driven Architecture), which allows to increase the level of automation when evolving models from the very abstract representation of a system down to the system implementation, thus making easier (i.e., at reduced cost and effort) the analysis, development and testing activities. By applying MDA concepts and standards to MBSE approaches we obtain what we refer to as MDSE (Model Driven Systems Engineering). The paper illustrates a methodological template for MDSE and shows its application to the development of a software-intensive system. Copyright {\textcopyright} held by the authors.}, keywords = {Abstract representation, Application programs, Development and testing, Formal modeling language, Level of automations, Life cycle, MDA(model driven architecture), Model-based systems engineering, Software architecture, Software design, Software intensive systems, Standards, System implementation, Systems engineering}, issn = {16130073}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84915806250\&partnerID=40\&md5=bd972de1f5baef3c33fbef58e187c81d}, author = {Bocciarelli, P. and Andrea D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio and Caponi, E. and Giglio, A. and Paglia, E.}, editor = {D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio A., Leardi C., Arrichiello V., Garro A., Poloni C., Tundis A.} } @article {Bocciarelli2014573, title = {A model-driven method for enacting the design-time QoS analysis of business processes}, journal = {Software and Systems Modeling}, volume = {13}, number = {2}, year = {2014}, note = {cited By 6}, pages = {573-598}, publisher = {Springer Verlag}, abstract = {

Business Process Management (BPM) is a holistic approach for describing, analyzing, executing, managing, and improving large enterprise business processes. A business process can be seen as a flow of tasks that are orchestrated to accomplish well-defined goals such as goods production or services delivery. From an IT perspective, BPM is closely related to a business process automation approach carried out by use of IT standards and technologies, such as service-oriented architectures (SOAs) and Web Services. This paper specifically focuses on fully automated business processes that are defined and executed as orchestrations of software services. In a BPM context, the ability to predict at design time the business process behavior assumes a strategic relevance, both to early assess whether or not the business goals are achieved and to gain a competitive advantage. A business process is typically specified by use of Business Process Modeling Notation (BPMN), the standard language for the high-level description of business processes. Unfortunately, BPMN does not support the characterization of the business process in terms of nonfunctional or QoS properties, such as performance and reliability. To overcome such a limitation, this paper introduces Performability-enabled BPMN (PyBPMN), a lightweight BPMN extension for the specification of performance and reliability properties. PyBPMN enables the design time prediction of the business processes behavior, in terms of performance and reliability properties. Such prediction activity requires the use of models that are to be first built and then evaluated. In this respect, this work introduces a model-driven method that exploits PyBPMN to predict, at design time, the performance and the reliability of a business process, either to select the process configuration that provides the best behavior or to check if a given configuration satisfies the overall requirements. The proposed model-driven method that enacts the automated analysis of a business process behavior embraces the complete business process development cycle, from the specification phase down to the implementation phase. The paper also describes how the proposed model-driven method is implemented. The several model transformations at the core of the method have been implemented by use of QVT, and the standard language for specifying model transformations provided by OMG{\textquoteright}s MDA. The availability of such automated model transformations allows business analysts to predict the process behavior with no extra effort and without being required to own specific skills of performance or reliability theory, as shown by use of an example application. {\textcopyright} 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

}, keywords = {Administrative data processing, Automation, Availability, BPMN, Business Process, Competition, Design, Enterprise resource management, Forecasting, High level languages, Information services, LQN, Mathematical models, MDA, Performance, Quality of service, Reliability, Service oriented architecture (SOA), Software architecture, Specifications, Web services}, issn = {16191366}, doi = {10.1007/s10270-013-0345-5}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84899754418\&partnerID=40\&md5=ac7ae348f9d39ccb87a9aedb7d7524bd}, author = {Bocciarelli, P. and Andrea D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio} } @conference {Gianni2014217, title = {Referencing capabilities for collaborative engineering of conceptual process modeling with object-role modeling}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Workshop on Enabling Technologies: Infrastructure for Collaborative Enterprises, WETICE}, year = {2014}, note = {cited By 0}, pages = {217-222}, publisher = {IEEE Computer Society}, organization = {IEEE Computer Society}, abstract = {Conceptual modeling has been proved to bring tangible advantages as a mean to formalize specifications in collaborative multi-partner projects. Particularly, the Object-Role Modeling language-the most prominent conceptual data modeling language-offers verbalization capabilities that ensure a common semantic understanding of the data specification, specifically for complex data systems and for non-native English speakers. However, ORM is primarily aimed at data specifications and has been more marginally used for process specifications. The paper reports part of the results on an experimental activity undertaken to probe the use of ORM for conceptual process modeling. In particular, the paper introduces the definitions of referencing capabilities for linking data models to the activity-the fundamental element of a process-models in ORM. Specifically, two new concepts have been identified as potentially necessary for supporting conceptual process modeling using ORM: Extended Facts, for distinguishing current Facts from potentially true Facts, and Set of Facts for indicating the Extended Facts affected by the activity. An activity schema definition also shows how these concepts can support the definition of an ORM interlayer for conceptual process modeling. {\textcopyright} 2014 IEEE.}, keywords = {Collaborative engineering, Conceptual model, Object role models, Object-role modeling, Process Modeling, Processing, Referencing Capabilities}, isbn = {9781479942497}, issn = {15244547}, doi = {10.1109/WETICE.2014.29}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84908400806\&partnerID=40\&md5=301878eb688f9fbb501795ab859a1b44}, author = {Gianni, D. and Bocciarelli, P. and Andrea D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio}, editor = {Reddy S.M.} } @conference {Gianni2014201, title = {Temporal capabilities in support of conceptual process modeling using object- Role modeling (work in progress)}, booktitle = {Simulation Series}, volume = {46}, number = {4}, year = {2014}, note = {cited By 1}, pages = {201-206}, publisher = {The Society for Modeling and Simulation International}, organization = {The Society for Modeling and Simulation International}, abstract = {Conceptual data modeling languages must be provided with temporal capabilities to support the data evolution throughout the execution of a conceptual process model. Asides from supporting the storage of historical data, temporal capabilities must also provide the means for verifying the consistency between the data temporal properties and the data modification resulting from the process execution. The Object-Role Modeling (ORM) language is a conceptual data modeling language that is based on the concepts of Fact (i.e. true statements on the represented world), Fact Type, and Fact Base (i.e. the set of all the Facts). Currently, the ORM language does not address the specification of Facts temporal properties, and therefore does not also support the verification of Facts variations during a process execution. The paper introduces an initial ORM overlay methodology that aims to laying the foundation of the conceptual modeling structures that can support the verification of temporal evolution of conceptual data models (i.e., whether a Fact can be asserted or retracted, depending on its temporal properties). Moreover, the overlay methodology also defines a temporal visual notation and an initial semi-formal temporal verbalization that eases the use of the methodology to the ORM modelers. A simple example illustrates the potential application of the overlay methodology.}, keywords = {Computer simulation, Conceptual data modeling, Conceptual data models, Data modification, Digital storage, Object-role modeling, Process engineering, Process execution, Process Modeling, Temporal evolution, Temporal modeling}, isbn = {9781632662156}, issn = {07359276}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84901987698\&partnerID=40\&md5=db5df894ce84d4770a6c882cac28c018}, author = {Gianni, D. and Bocciarelli, P. and Andrea D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio} } @conference {Bocciarelli2014199, title = {A transformation approach to enact the design-time simulation of BPMN models}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Workshop on Enabling Technologies: Infrastructure for Collaborative Enterprises, WETICE}, year = {2014}, note = {cited By 2}, pages = {199-204}, publisher = {IEEE Computer Society}, organization = {IEEE Computer Society}, abstract = {Simulation is a key technique for enabling business process analysts to predict the process behavior at design time. However, some issues limit the effectiveness of business process simulation (e.g., lack of simulation know how, costs and difficulties for gathering process data, semantic gap between the business process model and the simulation model). This paper proposes a model-driven method that automates the generation of executable business process simulation code. In order to address the increasing complexity and to take into account the inherent collaborative aspects of modern business processes, the simulation code produced by the proposed method replicates the business process distributed structure (in terms, e.g., of a service-oriented architecture) by including a set of simulation services that are orchestrated into a distributed simulation execution. The characterization of business processes in terms of the required performance properties is introduced through standard BPMN annotations according to a well-defined syntax, thus avoiding the need of additional languages. The implementation of the executable simulation code is based on the eBPMN language, a domain-specific language that preserves the semantic behavior of the original BPMN standard. {\textcopyright} 2014 IEEE.}, keywords = {Time simulations}, isbn = {9781479942497}, issn = {15244547}, doi = {10.1109/WETICE.2014.27}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84908454476\&partnerID=40\&md5=b0decda34447d3f850f0b68130c5d270}, author = {Bocciarelli, P. and Andrea D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio and Giglio, A. and Paglia, E. and Gianni, D.}, editor = {Reddy S.M.} } @conference {Bocciarelli2013218, title = {4SEE: A model-driven simulation engineering framework for business process analysis in a SaaS paradigm}, booktitle = {Simulation Series}, volume = {45}, number = {4}, year = {2013}, note = {cited By 1}, pages = {218-225}, abstract = {The intrinsic geographical distribution and the increasing complexity are two significant properties of modern business processes (BPs) that have not been fully addressed by existing simulation tools for BP analysis. Quantitative analysis of BPs is essential both at design time, to predict the BP quality of service (QoS), and at execution time, to dynamically reconfigure the BP and guarantee the pre-agreed QoS. In this respect, this work proposes a model-driven QoS-aware framework for simulation-based quantitative analysis of BPs. Specifically, the framework adopts a distributed simulation approach that replicates the service-oriented infrastructure of a BP into the corresponding simulation infrastructure based on the HLA-Evolved standard. The proposed framework assumes a scenario in which service providers publish a set of simulation-oriented services that can be subsequently used by interested consumers to dynamically discover and evaluate the QoS of the offered services. Key to the economical feasibility of this scenario is that a model-driven approach is used to automate the derivation of the simulation software from the BPMN (Business Process Model \& Notation) models of the actual BPs. The paper presents both the proposed model-driven framework, named 4SEE, and an example application to a BP for an e-commerce scenario.}, keywords = {Business process analysis, Business process model, Computer simulation, Computer software, Distributed simulations, Economical feasibility, Model driven approach, Quality of service, Service-oriented infrastructures, Simulation engineering, Simulation software}, isbn = {9781627480321}, issn = {07359276}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84876848381\&partnerID=40\&md5=735bc33d9335c85e8f26a7d6dfe860c8}, author = {Bocciarelli, P. and Andrea D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio and Gianni, D.} } @conference {Bocciarelli20131371, title = {A SaaS-based automated framework to build and execute distributed simulations from SysML models}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2013 Winter Simulation Conference - Simulation: Making Decisions in a Complex World, WSC 2013}, year = {2013}, note = {cited By 6}, pages = {1371-1382}, abstract = {The development of complex systems requires the use of quantitative analysis techniques to allow a designtime evaluation of the system behavior. In this context, distributed simulation (DS) techniques can be effectively introduced to assess whether or not the system satisfies the user requirements. Unfortunately, the development of a DS requires the availability of an IT infrastructure that could not comply with time-to-market requirements and budget constraints. In this respect, this work introduces HLAcloud, a model-driven and cloud-based framework to support both the implementation of a DS system from a SysML specification of the system under study and its execution over a public cloud infrastructure. The proposed approach, which exploits the HLA (High Level Architecture) DS standard, is founded on the use of model transformation techniques to generate both the Java/HLA source code of the DS system and the scripts required to deploy and execute the HLA federation onto the PlanetLab cloud-based infrastructure. {\textcopyright} 2013 IEEE.}, isbn = {9781479939503}, doi = {10.1109/WSC.2013.6721523}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84894110082\&partnerID=40\&md5=763d726aa2f46446bf8742e5300658d1}, author = {Bocciarelli, P. and Andrea D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio and Giglio, A. and Gianni, D.} } @conference {Bocciarelli2012266, title = {Automated performance analysis of business processes}, booktitle = {Simulation Series}, volume = {44}, number = {4 BOOK}, year = {2012}, note = {cited By 7}, pages = {266-274}, abstract = {Business processes (BPs) can be seen as flows of tasks that are orchestrated to accomplish well-defined goals. The ability to predict at design time the BP behavior assumes a strategic relevance, both to early assess whether or not the business goals are achieved and to gain a competitive advantage. This paper focuses on the performance prediction of BPs. Specifically, this work introduces a model-driven method that, starting from a performance-enabled description of a BP, first derives a BP performance model of EQN (Extended Queueing Network) type, and then generates and executes the EQN model implementation, thus enacting a fully automated analysis of the business process behavior. The performance model implementation is carried out by use of jEQN, a java-based domain specific language for specifying and executing EQN models. The paper also describes how the proposed model-driven method has been effectively implemented.}, keywords = {BPMN, Business Process, Competition, Computer simulation, EQN, Java programming language, jEQN, MDA, Performance, Software architecture}, isbn = {9781618397867}, issn = {07359276}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84876469347\&partnerID=40\&md5=1912c0d789945a9c91c8ebe913ccaddf}, author = {Bocciarelli, P. and Andrea D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio} } @conference {Bocciarelli201249, title = {A model-driven approach to build HLA-based distributed simulations from SysML models}, booktitle = {SIMULTECH 2012 - Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Simulation and Modeling Methodologies, Technologies and Applications}, year = {2012}, note = {cited By 6}, pages = {49-60}, abstract = {The analysis and design of complex systems, which very often are composed of several sub-systems, takes advantages by the use of distributed simulation techniques. Unfortunately, the development of distributed simulation systems requires a significant expertise and a considerable effort for the inherent complexity of available standards, such as HLA. This paper introduces a model-driven approach to support the automated generation of HLA-based distributed simulations starting from system descriptions specified by use of SysML (Systems Modeling Language), the UML-based general purpose modeling language for systems engineering. The proposed approach is founded on the use of model transformation techniques and relies on standards introduced by the Model Driven Architecture (MDA). The method exploits several UML models that embody the details required to support two transformations that automatically map the source SysML model into a HLA-specific model and then use the latter to generate the Java/HLA source code. To this purpose, this paper also introduces two UML profiles, used to annotate UML diagrams in order both to represent HLA-based details and to support the automated generation of the HLA-based simulation code.}, keywords = {Computer simulation, HLA, Model-driven, QVT, Simulation, Software architecture, SysML, Unified Modeling Language}, isbn = {9789898565204}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84867729868\&partnerID=40\&md5=fafd37b90daa458cc5075061c63c5357}, author = {Bocciarelli, P. and Andrea D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio and Fabiani, G.} } @conference {Bocciarelli2012, title = {A model-driven method for building distributed simulation systems from business process models}, booktitle = {Proceedings - Winter Simulation Conference}, year = {2012}, note = {cited By 6}, abstract = {The analysis of modern business processes implemented as orchestration of software services demands for new approaches that explicitly take into account the inherent complexity and distribution characteristics of such processes. In this respect, Distributed Simulation (DS) offers a viable tool to cope with such a demand, due to the aggregation, scalability, representativeness and load balancing properties that it allows to achieve. However, the use of DS is mostly limited by the specialized technical know-how and the extra-development that DS requires with respect to approaches based on conventional local simulation. This paper proposes a model-driven method that enables the DS-based analysis of business processes by introducing the automated transformation of business process models into analysis models that are specified as Extended Queueing Network (EQN) models and executed as distributed simulations. The paper also presents an example application to a business process for an e-commerce scenario. {\textcopyright} 2012 IEEE.}, keywords = {Analysis models, Automated transformations, Business Process, Business process model, Computer simulation, Distributed computer systems, Distributed simulation systems, Distributed simulations, Distribution characteristics, Inherent complexity, Load balancing properties, Model-driven method, New approaches, Software services, Technical know hows, Technology transfer}, isbn = {9781467347792}, issn = {08917736}, doi = {10.1109/WSC.2012.6465106}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84874755866\&partnerID=40\&md5=8d358a15fcb545b3725d825b701fc795}, author = {Bocciarelli, P. and Pieroni, A. and Gianni, D. and Andrea D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio} } @conference {Gianni2012, title = {Model-driven performance prediction of HLA-based distributed simulation systems}, booktitle = {Proceedings - Winter Simulation Conference}, year = {2012}, note = {cited By 3}, abstract = {Performance models offer a convenient tool to assess design alternatives and predict the execution time of distributed simulation (DS) systems at design time, before system implementation. Currently, performance models are to be manually developed and the related extra effort often becomes the limiting factor for their cost- and time-effective use. In this paper, we aim to reduce this extra effort with the introduction of a model-driven method for the automated building of performance models whose evaluation provides a prediction about of the execution time of a distributed simulation system. As such, the method contributes to bring software performance engineering techniques into the distributed simulation system lifecycle. In particular, we show how the SysML-based specification of the system to be simulated and the design documents of the DS system can be used to derive the topology and the parameters of a performance model specified according to the Extended Queueing Network formalism. {\textcopyright} 2012 IEEE.}, keywords = {Automated buildings, Computer simulation, Design, Design alternatives, Design documents, Design time, Distributed computer systems, Distributed simulation systems, Distributed simulations, Execution time, Forecasting, Model-driven, Model-driven method, Performance Model, Performance prediction, Software performance engineerings, System implementation, Topology}, isbn = {9781467347792}, issn = {08917736}, doi = {10.1109/WSC.2012.6465255}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84874698997\&partnerID=40\&md5=a02b093d52a8995b3774ab0d2df86fb2}, author = {Gianni, D. and Bocciarelli, P. and Andrea D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio} } @conference {Bocciarelli2011160, title = {A BPMN extension for modeling non functional properties of business processes}, booktitle = {Simulation Series}, volume = {43}, number = {1 BOOK 4}, year = {2011}, note = {cited By 27}, pages = {160-168}, abstract = {Business Process Management (BPM) is an holistic approach for describing, analyzing, executing, managing and improving large enterprise business processes, which can be seen as collections of related tasks executed to accomplish well-defined goals. This paper introduces a notation for the description of a business process in terms of both functional and non-functional properties, specifically addressing the performance and reliability characterization of a business process. In the BPM context, the Business Process Modeling Notation (BPMN) is the de-facto standard for the high-level description of business processes. Unfortunately BPMN does not support the characterization of the business process in terms of non-functional properties such as performance and reliability. To overcome such limitation, this paper introduces PyBPMN (Performability-enabled BPMN), a lightweight BPMN extension for the specification of properties that address both performance and reliability. The proposed extension is based on an approach that exploits principles and standards introduced by the Model Driven Architecture (MDA), thus obtaining significant advantages in terms of easy customization and improved automation. The paper also presents an example application of the proposed extension to show how it enables the automated transformation of a business process model into a parameterized performance model whose execution gives insights about the process behavior.}, keywords = {Administrative data processing, BPMN, Business Process, Business process management, Business process model, Business Process Modeling Notation (BPMN), Computer simulation, Enterprise resource management, MDA, Model driven architectures, Performance and reliabilities, Reliability, Software architecture, Systems engineering}, isbn = {9781617828386}, issn = {07359276}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84887029950\&partnerID=40\&md5=286bf26106c501019949590c37d312e2}, author = {Bocciarelli, P. and Andrea D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio} } @article {Bocciarelli201190, title = {A JXTA-based peer architecture for enhanced service discovery in SOA-based P2P applications}, journal = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics)}, volume = {6569 LNCS}, year = {2011}, note = {cited By 0}, pages = {90-100}, abstract = {The adoption of a P2P paradigm for implementing software applications based on service oriented architectures (SOA) is gaining momentum as a valid alternative to the classic client-server paradigm. In this context, service providers are strategically interested to describe and manage the quality of service (QoS) characteristics of offered services. The ability to carry out QoS-oriented service discovery activities is an essential issue for effectively managing the QoS of SOA-based P2P applications and as consequence to guarantee an good quality level among collaborating services. To this purpose, this paper introduces a JXTA-based peer architecture for enhanced service discovery in SOA-based P2P applications. The proposed approach builds upon a model-driven framework for predicting, at composition time, and managing, at execution time, the QoS of SOA-based P2P applications. {\textcopyright} 2011 Springer-Verlag.}, keywords = {Client server, Composition time, Execution time, Gaining momentum, Information services, Model-driven, P2P applications, Quality levels, Quality of service, Service discovery, Service oriented architecture (SOA), Service provider, Software applications}, isbn = {9783642227592}, issn = {03029743}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-22760-8_10}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-80054818335\&partnerID=40\&md5=7588973cdd0fb59a54c6d2a6fd1cda33}, author = {Bocciarelli, P. and Andrea D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio and Angelaccio, M.} } @article {Bocciarelli2011265, title = {A model-driven method for describing and predicting the reliability of composite services}, journal = {Software and Systems Modeling}, volume = {10}, number = {2}, year = {2011}, note = {cited By 11}, pages = {265-280}, abstract = {Service-oriented computing is the prominent paradigm for viewing business processes as composed of functions provided by modular and standardized services. Web services are the building blocks for the application of service-oriented computing on the Web and provide the necessary support for the consolidation of multiple services into a single composite service corresponding to the overall process. In such a context, service providers are strategically interested in both describing the quality of service (QoS) characteristics of offered services, to better qualify their offer and gain a significant advantage in the global marketplace, and predicting the level of QoS that can be offered to service consumers when building composite web services that make use of services managed by various service providers. This paper illustrates a model-driven method to automatically describe and predict the QoS of composite web services specified by use of business process execution language (BPEL). The paper specifically addresses the reliability characteristic of the QoS. The proposed method is founded on Q-WSDL, a lightweight WSDL extension for the description of the QoS characteristics of a web service, and exploits Q-WSDL to annotate reliability data onto a BPEL-based UML model of the composite service. The UML model is then used to predict and describe the reliability of the composite web service. The proposed method is illustrated by use of an example application that deals with a composite web service for the migration of PSTN telephone numbers. {\textcopyright} 2010 Springer-Verlag.}, keywords = {BPEL, Forecasting, Information services, Model-driven prediction, QoS, Quality of service, Reliability, Service oriented architecture (SOA), Telephone systems, UML, Unified Modeling Language, Web services, WSDL}, issn = {16191366}, doi = {10.1007/s10270-010-0150-3}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-79955480530\&partnerID=40\&md5=1e9d768badb65996f4a07183d92b15d5}, author = {Bocciarelli, P. and Andrea D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio} } @book {Bocciarelli20111, title = {Performability-oriented description and analysis of business processes}, series = {Business Process Modeling: Software Engineering, Analysis and Applications}, year = {2011}, note = {cited By 8}, pages = {1-36}, publisher = {Nova Science Publishers, Inc.}, organization = {Nova Science Publishers, Inc.}, abstract = {Business Process Management (BPM) is an holistic approach for describing, analyzing, executing, managing and improving large enterprise business processes, which can be seen as collections of related tasks executed to accomplish well-defined goals. This chapter focuses on the description and analysis of business processes. In particular, the chapter introduces a notation for the description of a business process in terms of both functional and non-functional properties. Such a description is then used to carry out the predictive analysis of the business process behaviour. The chapter specifically addresses the performance and reliability prediction of a business process by use of a joint measure known as performability. In the BPM context, the Business Process Modeling Notation (BPMN) is the de-facto standard for the high-level description of business processes. Unfortunately BPMN does not support the characterization of the business process in terms of non-functional properties such as performance and reliability. To overcome such limitation, this chapter introduces PyBPMN (Performability-enabled BPMN), a lightweight BPMN extension for the specification of performability properties. The proposed extension is based on an approach that exploits principles and standards introduced by MDA (Model Driven Architecture). In particular, the BPMN extension is carried out by first specifying the BPMN metamodel and then obtaining the PyBPMN metamodel by adding the metaclasses that define the specific performance and reliability characteristics. The tasks that define a business process can be carried out either by human operators or by automated software services. This chapter specifically focuses on fully automated business processes that are defined and executed as orchestrations of software services. In this respect, PyBPMN can be used to describe the performance and reliability properties of both a business process and its constituent services. This chapter also introduces a model-driven method that makes use of PyBPMN to predict, at design time, the performability of a business process, either to select the configuration of services that provide the best level of performability or to check if a given configuration satisfies the overall requirements of the business process. The proposed method can be fully automated, thus allowing business analysts to carry out the performability prediction with no extra effort and without being required to own specific skills of performability theory, as shown by use of an example case study. {\textcopyright} 2011 by Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved.}, isbn = {9781612093444}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84874744977\&partnerID=40\&md5=77a96bbfad5e6ec50f8574420380569b}, author = {Bocciarelli, P. and Andrea D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio} } @conference {Bocciarelli20081, title = {A measurement framework for the parameterization of performance models of soa-based systems}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the IASTED International Conference on Software Engineering, SE 2008}, year = {2008}, note = {cited By 1}, pages = {1-6}, abstract = {Distributed applications are rapidly converging towards the adoption of a computing paradigm based on service-oriented architectures, according to which an application can be seen as a composite web service that is built by assembling a set of existing services, executed on internetworked server hosts. In such a context, service providers are strategically interested both to describe the performance characteristics of offered services, to better qualify their offer and gain a significant advantage in the global marketplace; and to predict the level of performance that can be offered to service consumers. To this purpose, the paper introduces a framework for the management of performance parameters, defining the architecture that enables service providers to measure and make available performance information about the offered services. On the other hand the proposed approach allows the service consumers to automatically retrieve the performance data and then use such data to apply model-driven approaches for the performance analysis of composite web services.}, keywords = {Composite web services, Computing paradigms, Distributed applications, Global marketplaces, Information services, Internetworked, LQN, Model-driven approaches, Parameters, Performance, Performance analysis, Performance characteristics, Performance datum, Performance models, Performance parameters, Service oriented architecture (SOA), Service providers, Service-oriented architectures, SOA, Soa-based systems, Software engineering, Spontaneous emission, Web services}, isbn = {9780889867154}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-62849121929\&partnerID=40\&md5=86f31e7a2aba49f609769114bee66712}, author = {Bocciarelli, P. and Andrea D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio} } @article {Bocciarelli2008228, title = {Model-driven performability analysis of composite web services}, journal = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics)}, volume = {5119 LNCS}, year = {2008}, note = {cited By 14}, pages = {228-246}, abstract = {Web services are the building blocks of the emerging computing paradigm based on service-oriented architectures (SOAs). A web service is a self-describing, open component that supports rapid composition of distributed applications. In a SOA context, service providers are strategically interested both to predict and describe the QoS of the offered services. This paper introduces a model-driven approach to automatically predict and describe the QoS of composite web services specified by use of the Business Process Execution Language for Web Services. The paper is founded on a lightweight QoS-oriented extension of the WSDL and specifically addresses the QoS in terms of the performability attribute, which defines a combined measure of performance and reliability. The proposed approach is illustrated by use of an example application that shows how the performability analysis may lead to predictions that do not correspond to those obtained by approaches that only consider the performance attribute. {\textcopyright} 2008 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.}, keywords = {Building blockes, Business process execution language for web services, Combined measure, Composite web services, Distributed applications, Emerging computing paradigm, Information services, Model driven approach, Model-driven, Model-driven development, Perform-ability, Performance, Performance attributes, Quality of service, Reliability, Service oriented architecture (SOA), Service provider, Systems analysis, Web services}, isbn = {3540698132; 9783540698135}, issn = {03029743}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-540-69814-2-15}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-70349880842\&partnerID=40\&md5=2b62ddfcd5d7d53a52f20982c298e063}, author = {Bocciarelli, P. and Andrea D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio} } @conference {Angelaccio2008271, title = {WETICE2008 showcase report}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Workshop on Enabling Technologies: Infrastructure for Collaborative Enterprises, WETICE}, year = {2008}, note = {cited By 0}, pages = {271-273}, issn = {15244547}, doi = {10.1109/WETICE.2008.52}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-66749092449\&partnerID=40\&md5=77d251bfeea7d2ec2e724aaa06ccc4e3}, author = {Angelaccio, M. and Buttarazzi, B. and Andrea D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio} } @conference {D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio200778, title = {A model-driven approach to describe and predict the performance of composite services}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 6th International Workshop on Software and Performance, WOPS{\textquoteright}07}, year = {2007}, note = {cited By 76}, pages = {78-89}, abstract = {Distributed applications are rapidly converging towards the adoption of a computing paradigm based on service-oriented architectures (SOA), according to which an application results from the composition of a set of services in execution on networked server hosts. In a SOA context, service providers are strategically interested both to describe the performance characteristics of offered services, to better qualify their offer and gain a significant advantage in the global marketplace, and to predict the level of performance that can be offered to service consumers when building composite web services that make use of services managed by various service providers. This paper introduces a model-driven approach for integrating performance prediction into service composition processes carried out by use of BPEL (Business Process Execution Language for Web Services). The proposed approach is founded on P-WSDL (Performance-enabled WSDL), a performance-oriented extension of WSDL, the language for describing the information about service capabilities and invocation mechanisms. P-WSDL is a lightweight WSDL extension for the description of performance characteristics of a web service. The approach is illustrated by use of an example application to a composite web service for travel planning. Copyright 2007 ACM.}, keywords = {Context sensitive grammars, Distributed computer systems, Model checking, Model transformation, Network architecture, Service providers, Service-oriented architectures (SOA), Software performance, User interfaces, Web services}, isbn = {1595932976; 9781595932976}, doi = {10.1145/1216993.1217008}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-34748847460\&partnerID=40\&md5=359f771f293455994ff32902ee2772e6}, author = {Andrea D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio and Bocciarelli, P.} } @conference {Bocciarelli2007159, title = {QShare: QoS-enabled description and discovery of services in SOA-based P2P applications}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Workshop on Enabling Technologies: Infrastructure for Collaborative Enterprises, WETICE}, year = {2007}, note = {cited By 3}, pages = {159-164}, abstract = {Distributed applications are rapidly converging towards the adoption of a computing paradigm based on SOAs (service-oriented architectures), according to which an application results from the composition of a set of services in execution on networked server hosts. In this context, in order to provide SOA-based applications with high levels of QoS (quality of service), service providers may employ P2P (peer-to-peer) networks to bring applications closer to their consumers, overcoming slow backbone paths, network congestions and physical latencies. The ability to efficiently carry out service discovery activities is a key issue for effectively managing the QoS of SOA-based P2P applications. To this purpose, this paper introduces QSHARE, an approach for the QoS-enabled description and discovery of services in SOA-based P2P applications. The proposed approach introduces a novel peer architecture that makes use of QoS-enabled service descriptions and its effectiveness is shown within the context of a model-driven framework for managing the QoS of SOA-based P2P applications.}, keywords = {Computer networks, Enabling technologies, P2P applications, Quality of service}, isbn = {0769528791; 9780769528793}, issn = {15244547}, doi = {10.1109/WETICE.2007.4407144}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-51149106143\&partnerID=40\&md5=6e581af0df8d7f406326082475a8262d}, author = {Bocciarelli, P. and Andrea D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio and Angelaccio, M.} } @conference {Angelaccio200655, title = {COPS - Collaborative peer-to-peer information systems workshop report}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Workshop on Enabling Technologies: Infrastructure for Collaborative Enterprises, WETICE}, year = {2006}, note = {cited By 0}, pages = {55-56}, isbn = {0769526233; 9780769526232}, issn = {15244547}, doi = {10.1109/WETICE.2006.25}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-46449095129\&partnerID=40\&md5=c86320f40e6d766272edc9fdf52435b4}, author = {Angelaccio, M. and Andrea D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio and Buttarazzi, B.} }