@article {180, title = {Modeling Resources to Simulate Business Process Reliability}, journal = {ACM Transactions on Modeling and Computer Simulation}, volume = {30}, year = {2020}, doi = {10.1145/3381453}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85087756691\&doi=10.1145\%2f3381453\&partnerID=40\&md5=673e966eb20621494c2d119f7d2fb3fb}, author = {Bocciarelli, P. and D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio, A. and Giglio, A. and Paglia, E.} } @conference {214, title = {Rethinking Simulation Engineering Process for MSaaS}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Workshop on Enabling Technologies: Infrastructure for Collaborative Enterprises, WETICE}, year = {2020}, doi = {10.1109/WETICE49692.2020.00025}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85100713775\&doi=10.1109\%2fWETICE49692.2020.00025\&partnerID=40\&md5=19a68f8d07c25546ebb4748debe5266c}, author = {Bocciarelli, P. and D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio, A. and Durak, U. and Panetti, T.} } @conference {188, title = {Automated generation of FOM modules for HLA-based distributed simulations}, booktitle = {2019 Spring Simulation Conference, SpringSim 2019}, year = {2019}, doi = {10.23919/SpringSim.2019.8732865}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85068620179\&doi=10.23919\%2fSpringSim.2019.8732865\&partnerID=40\&md5=7732070a3d1ae833312898865e381add}, author = {Bocciarelli, P. and D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio, A. and Giglio, A. and Paglia, E.} } @conference {182, title = {BPMN-Based Business Process Modeling and Simulation}, booktitle = {Proceedings - Winter Simulation Conference}, year = {2019}, doi = {10.1109/WSC40007.2019.9004960}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85081140337\&doi=10.1109\%2fWSC40007.2019.9004960\&partnerID=40\&md5=562c397f5282b4d755ea42195d8f5d51}, author = {Bocciarelli, P. and D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio, A. and Giglio, A. and Paglia, E.} } @conference {187, title = {A BPMN/HLA-Based Methodology for Collaborative Distributed des}, booktitle = {Proceedings - 2019 IEEE 28th International Conference on Enabling Technologies: Infrastructure for Collaborative Enterprises, WETICE 2019}, year = {2019}, doi = {10.1109/WETICE.2019.00033}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85071674691\&doi=10.1109\%2fWETICE.2019.00033\&partnerID=40\&md5=edfa6f3fbef940c14919b4803aa0f7b3}, author = {Possik, J. and Amrani, A. and Vallespir, B. and D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio, A. and Zacharewicz, G.} } @conference {189, title = {A microservice-based approach for fine-grained simulation in msaas platforms}, booktitle = {Simulation Series}, year = {2019}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85074846792\&partnerID=40\&md5=4e1191158a88c583834f3858c02dce23}, author = {Bocciarelli, P. and D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio, A. and Giglio, A. and Paglia, E.} } @conference {183, title = {Model-Driven Distributed Simulation Engineering}, booktitle = {Proceedings - Winter Simulation Conference}, year = {2019}, doi = {10.1109/WSC40007.2019.9004937}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85081138260\&doi=10.1109\%2fWSC40007.2019.9004937\&partnerID=40\&md5=302392caf8683ab4ea72625485cef6fe}, author = {Bocciarelli, P. and D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio, A. and Giglio, A. and Paglia, E.} } @article {194, title = {A BPMN extension to support discrete-event simulation for healthcare applications: An explicit representation of queues, attributes and data-driven decision points}, journal = {Journal of the Operational Research Society}, volume = {69}, year = {2018}, pages = {788-802}, doi = {10.1057/s41274-017-0267-7}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85021790477\&doi=10.1057\%2fs41274-017-0267-7\&partnerID=40\&md5=f0f30c77b3cccc771c50d7b8b6c878d4}, author = {Onggo, B.S.S. and Proudlove, N.C. and D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio, A. and Calabrese, A. and Bisogno, S. and Levialdi Ghiron, N.} } @conference {191, title = {A Complexity-less Approach for Automated Development of Data-intensive Web Applications}, booktitle = {2018 International Symposium on Networks, Computers and Communications, ISNCC 2018}, year = {2018}, doi = {10.1109/ISNCC.2018.8531027}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85058471323\&doi=10.1109\%2fISNCC.2018.8531027\&partnerID=40\&md5=d4356c447b0046c2ec84991c625add89}, author = {Panetti, T. and D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio, A.} } @conference {199, title = {Model transformation services for MSAAS platforms}, booktitle = {Simulation Series}, year = {2018}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85055335212\&partnerID=40\&md5=f88e9b0301895d7e94400366e42d2934}, author = {Bocciarelli, P. and D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio, A. and Giglio, A. and Paglia, E.} } @conference {197, title = {On the performance prediction capabilities of the eBPMN-based model-driven method for business process simulation}, booktitle = {CEUR Workshop Proceedings}, year = {2018}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85057539414\&partnerID=40\&md5=3bef7d424e5ac1e2c55966a7b44a3092}, author = {Bocciarelli, P. and D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio, A. and Paglia, E. and Giglio, A.} } @conference {196, title = {A service-in-the-loop approach for business process simulation based on microservices}, booktitle = {Simulation Series}, year = {2018}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85061225342\&partnerID=40\&md5=248b0d97368d17bf04c9d37b12081c70}, author = {Bocciarelli, P. and D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio, A. and Paglia, E. and Giglio, A.} } @conference {148, title = {A BPMN extension for modeling Cyber-Physical-Production-Systems in the context of Industry 4.0}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2017 IEEE 14th International Conference on Networking, Sensing and Control, ICNSC 2017}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.}, organization = {Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.}, abstract = {

Industry 4.0 denotes a recent trend that aims at exploiting Cyber Physical Systems (CPS), based on IoT (Internet of Things) and cloud computing technologies, to obtain increased degrees of cooperation and communication in production systems, thus leading to what is referred to as Cyber Physical Production Systems (CPPS) or {\textquoteright}Smart Factories{\textquoteright}. {\textcopyright} 2017 IEEE.

}, keywords = {Administrative data processing, BPMN, Business process management, Cloud computing technologies, CPPS, Cyber Physical System, Cyber physicals, Cyber-physical systems (CPS), Distributed computer systems, Embedded systems, Enterprise resource management, Industrial plants, Internet of things, Production system, Resources management}, isbn = {9781509044283}, doi = {10.1109/ICNSC.2017.8000159}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85028506510\&doi=10.1109\%2fICNSC.2017.8000159\&partnerID=40\&md5=21f941fe91fbcb4bc02afe439cad2075}, author = {Bocciarelli, P. and D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio, A. and Giglio, A. and Paglia, E.}, editor = {Guerrieri A., Fortino G., Vasilakos A.V., Zhou M., Lukszo Z., Palau C., Liotta A., Vinci A., Basile F., Fanti M.P.} } @article {149, title = {A BPMN extension to support discrete-event simulation for healthcare applications: an explicit representation of queues, attributes and data-driven decision points}, journal = {Journal of the Operational Research Society}, year = {2017}, pages = {1-15}, abstract = {

Stakeholder engagement in simulation projects is important, especially in healthcare where there is a plurality of stakeholder opinions, objectives and power. One promising approach for increasing engagement is facilitated modelling. Currently, the complexity of producing a simulation model means that the {\textquoteleft}model coding{\textquoteright} stage is performed without the involvement of stakeholders, interrupting the possibility of a fully facilitated project. Early work demonstrated that with currently available software tools we can represent a simple healthcare process using Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN) and generate a simulation model automatically. However, for more complex processes, BPMN currently has a number of limitations, namely the ability to represent queues and data-driven decision points. To address these limitations, we propose a conceptual design for an extension to BPMN (BPMN4SIM) using model-driven architecture. Application to an elderly emergency care pathway in a UK hospital shows that BPMN4SIM is able to represent a more complex business process. {\textcopyright} 2017 The Operational Research Society

}, keywords = {BPMN, Business process model and notation (BPMN), Computer aided software engineering, Computer software, Conceptual design, Data driven decision, Discrete event simulation, Explicit representation, Health care, Health care application, Model driven architectures, Simulation projects, Software architecture, Software design, Stakeholder engagement}, issn = {01605682}, doi = {10.1057/s41274-017-0267-7}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85021790477\&doi=10.1057\%2fs41274-017-0267-7\&partnerID=40\&md5=f0f30c77b3cccc771c50d7b8b6c878d4}, author = {Onggo, B.S.S. and Proudlove, N.C. and D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio, A. and Calabrese, A. and Bisogno, S. and Levialdi Ghiron, N.} } @conference {157, title = {Business process modeling and simulation: State of the art and MSaaS opportunities}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2017 Summer Simulation Multi-Conference (SummerSim 2017)}, year = {2017}, publisher = {The Society for Modeling and Simulation International}, organization = {The Society for Modeling and Simulation International}, abstract = {

The analysis and continuous improvement of business processes (BPs) has a strategic relevance for those enterprises that strongly rely on the performance of their operational processes to deliver services and/or goods to customers. The adoption of Modeling \& Simulation (M\&S) approaches is widely recognized as a valuable solution for analyzing and improving BPs, even though it is not yet fully exploited, due to the required know-how, effort and cost. In this context, M\&S as a Service (MSaaS) is a promising paradigm that contributes to effectively ease the introduction of M\&S approaches in the BP lifecyle, by saving the investments required to build and maintain the needed hardware and software infrastructure. This paper first illustrates a survey that analyzes the state-of-The-Art regarding the adoption of M\&S approaches in the BP domain and then, starting from a set of identified open issues, proposes a next generation MSaaS architecture which aims at enabling a time-And cost-effective M\&S-based analysis of BPs. {\textcopyright} 2017 Society for Modeling \& Simulation International (SCS).

}, keywords = {Architecture, Business Process, Business process model, Continuous improvements, Cost benefit analysis, Cost effective, Cost effectiveness, Hardware and software, Investments, MSaaS, Operational process, State of the art, Surveying, Surveys, Systems engineering, Technology transfer}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85029479125\&partnerID=40\&md5=ba1a219978ded9acd748ff217becba43}, author = {Bocciarelli, P. and D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio, A. and Mastromattei, A. and Paglia, E. and Giglio, A.}, editor = {Syriani E. and D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio A.} } @conference {156, title = {A cloud-based service-oriented architecture for business process modeling and simulation}, booktitle = {CEUR Workshop Proceedings {\textendash} INCOSE Italia Conference on Systems Engineering}, year = {2017}, publisher = {CEUR-WS}, organization = {CEUR-WS}, abstract = {

The adoption of Modeling \& Simulation (M\&S) approaches is widely recognized as a valuable solution for enacting a timely analysis of business processes (BPs). Despite their relevance, the effective introduction of such approaches in the BP lifecycle is still limited, due to the know-how and skills for building and implementing a simulation model and to the cost and effort for setting up and maintaining the execution platform. In this respect, this paper proposes a cloud-based architecture that exploits the M\&S as a Service (MSaaS) paradigm and containerization technology for the flexible and dynamic composition of M\&S services, so to allow business analysts to carry out an effortless and effective M\&S-based BP analysis. An example case study dealing with an e-commerce scenario is also presented in order to show the actual application of the proposed approach.

}, keywords = {Business analysts, Business Process, Business process model, Cloud-based, Cloud-based architectures, Computer architecture, Dynamic composition, Execution platforms, Information services, Service oriented architecture (SOA), Simulation model, Systems engineering, Technology transfer}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85038838268\&partnerID=40\&md5=801305b85d284d68f1f5963ae4bc3f4d}, author = {Bocciarelli, P. and D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio, A. and Paglia, E. and Panetti, T. and Giglio, A.} } @conference {161, title = {An HLA-based BPMN extension for the specification of business process collaborations}, booktitle = {Proceedings - 2017 IEEE/ACM 21st International Symposium on Distributed Simulation and Real Time Applications, DS-RT 2017}, year = {2017}, publisher = {Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.}, organization = {Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.}, abstract = {

Inter-organization business process collaboration is one of the most significant factors driving today{\textquoteright}s global business development. Such collaborations are typically composed by various processes executed by different organizations and are often difficult to specify and analyze, due to their distributed nature and to data interoperability issues. The standard notation for business process modeling, namely BPMN (Business Process Model and Notation), only provides a limited support to the specification of collaborations. This paper introduces a data model extension of BPMN inspired by the HLA (High Level Architecture) distributed simulation standard. In addition, the paper proposes a metamodel-based mapping from BPMN to HLA, which can be seen as a significant step towards the implementation of a conceptual framework for specifying and analyzing collaborative business processes by use of distributed simulation approaches. {\textcopyright} 2017 IEEE.

}, keywords = {Business process collaborations, Business process model, Collaborative business process, Conceptual frameworks, Data interoperability, Distributed simulations, High level architecture, Inter-organization, Specifications, Systems engineering}, isbn = {9781538640289}, doi = {10.1109/DISTRA.2017.8167668}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85042934707\&doi=10.1109\%2fDISTRA.2017.8167668\&partnerID=40\&md5=6c81677377651843e2f16ce6cf4cc261}, author = {Bocciarelli, P. and D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio, A. and Paglia, E. and Giglio, A.} } @conference {137, title = {A BPMN extension to enable the explicit modeling of task resources}, booktitle = {CEUR Workshop Proceedings}, year = {2016}, publisher = {CEUR-WS}, organization = {CEUR-WS}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84999143350\&partnerID=40\&md5=bfeb06235c0c2cec231bbc68ed06b02c}, author = {Bocciarelli P. and D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio A. and Giglio A. and Paglia E.} } @conference {D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio2016, title = {Towards performance-oriented perfective evolution of BPMN models}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2016 Spring Simulation Multiconference - TMS/DEVS Symposium on Theory of Modeling and Simulation, TMS/DEVS 2016}, year = {2016}, note = {cited By 0}, publisher = {The Society for Modeling and Simulation International}, organization = {The Society for Modeling and Simulation International}, abstract = {

Simulation techniques are successfully applied to analyze and validate the performance of a business process (BP) since the early phases of its lifecycle, when the BP representation is commonly specified in BPMN. The BP simulation model is first to be built from the BPMN model, then implemented and finally executed to yield the performance indices of interest. The model building activity includes a parameterization task that is carried out either by use of tool-specific facilities or through standardized languages for specifying simulation model parameters. In both cases, the parameters have to be externally linked to the BPMN model. A similar reasoning applies to the simulation results. This paper introduces a BPMN extension to annotate BPMN models with both the input parameters and the results provided by the BP analysis, so as to include in a single BPMN model all the data associated to the simulation-based analysis of a given BP. The paper also outlines an architecture that exploits the proposed extension to realize the performance-oriented perfective evolution of BPMN models, or the ability to introduce a feedback chain that makes use of simulation results to automatically refactor a BP model in order to better meet the BP performance objectives. {\textcopyright}2016 Society for Modeling \& Simulation International (SCS).

}, keywords = {BPMN, Business Process, Circuit simulation, Performance indices, Performance objective, Performance-oriented, Simulation, Simulation technique, Simulation-based analysis, Software architecture, Software engineering}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84978142027\&partnerID=40\&md5=d9a565c888c8c352dcbe3e6d0a81d2ac}, author = {Andrea D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio and Paglia, E. and Bocciarelli, P. and Giglio, A.}, editor = {Barros F., Hu X., Denil J., Prahofer H.} } @conference {Bocciarelli2015213, title = {A model-driven framework for distributed simulation of autonomous systems}, booktitle = {Simulation Series}, volume = {47}, number = {8}, year = {2015}, note = {cited By 1}, pages = {213-220}, publisher = {The Society for Modeling and Simulation International}, organization = {The Society for Modeling and Simulation International}, abstract = {

The adoption of systems with autonomous capabilities is becoming more and more relevant in many real-world operational scenarios, in which risky operations have to be carried out (e.g., a military battlefield or a search-and-rescue operation). In this context, innovative approaches should be introduced at design time to ensure that the system will achieve the mission objectives at operation time. To this purpose, distributed simulation techniques have shown to be effective to deal with the inherent complexity of the environment to be simulated, which generally includes several interacting entities. Unfortunately, currently available distributed simulation standards, such as HLA (High Level Architecture), require a non-negligible effort and significant skills in terms of both simulation methodologies and related implementation technologies. In this respect, this paper focuses on the simulationbased analysis of systems with autonomous capabilities and introduces a model-driven approach to support the automated generation of HLA-based distributed simulations. The proposed approach is founded on the use of model transformation techniques and allows system designers to carry out a timely and cost-effective simulation-based analysis of the operational system without being required to own specific distributed simulation skills. {\textcopyright} 2015 Society for Modeling \& Simulation International (SCS).

}, keywords = {Autonomous systems, Cost effectiveness, Distributed simulation techniques, Distributed simulations, MDA, Model driven development, Model transformation technique, Search and rescue operations, Simulation-based analysis, Software architecture}, issn = {07359276}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84928155948\&partnerID=40\&md5=9e8205a446169e040469dff647e9cfa3}, author = {Bocciarelli, P. and Andrea D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio and Giglio, A. and Paglia, E.}, editor = {Wang M.H., Barros F., D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio A., Zacharewicz G.} } @conference {Bocciarelli20153012, title = {Simulation-based performance and reliability analysis of business processes}, booktitle = {Proceedings - Winter Simulation Conference}, volume = {2015-January}, year = {2015}, note = {cited By 2}, pages = {3012-3023}, publisher = {Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.}, organization = {Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.}, abstract = {

The use of process modeling combined with the use of simulation-based analysis provides a valuable way to analyze business processes (BPs) and to evaluate design alternatives before committing resources and effort. The simulation-based analysis of BPs usually addresses performance in terms of efficiency, i.e., focusing on time-related properties (e.g., throughput or execution time). Differently, this paper proposes an automated method for the analysis of BPs in terms of both efficiency-related performance and reliability. In addition, the method allows business analysts to carry out a joint performance and reliability analysis by introducing a so-called performability attribute. The proposed method is illustrated by use of a running example dealing with a conventional e-commerce scenario. {\textcopyright} 2014 IEEE.

}, keywords = {Automated methods, Business analysts, Business Process, Design alternatives, Joint performance, Performance and reliabilities, Process Modeling, Reliability, Reliability analysis, Simulation-based analysis}, isbn = {9781479974863}, issn = {08917736}, doi = {10.1109/WSC.2014.7020140}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84940521933\&partnerID=40\&md5=04c0407c66dbcda5756df2c96a686040}, author = {Bocciarelli, P. and Andrea D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio and Giglio, A. and Paglia, E.}, editor = {Tolk A., Diallo S.Y., Ryzhov I.O., Yilmaz L.} } @conference {Bocciarelli2014278, title = {Empowering business process simulation through automated model transformations}, booktitle = {Simulation Series}, volume = {46}, number = {4}, year = {2014}, note = {cited By 2}, pages = {278-286}, publisher = {The Society for Modeling and Simulation International}, organization = {The Society for Modeling and Simulation International}, abstract = {Simulation is one of the most relevant techniques that can be used in the business process management domain to effectively enact a continuous enhancement of business processes (BPs). However, the effectiveness of BP simulation is still limited for several reasons (e.g., lack of simulation know-how of BP analysts, simulation model parameters hard to determine, semantic gap between the business process model and the simulation model). To overcome these limitations, this paper proposes a model-driven method that introduces a set of model transformations to automate the generation of executable simulation code of a BP from its abstract definition in BPMN, the standard language for specifying business processes. The simulation code is specified in eBPMN, a Java-based domain-specific language that has been designed and implemented according to the BPMN execution semantics.}, keywords = {Administrative data processing, BPM, BPMN, Computer simulation, Computer simulation languages, EBPMN, Enterprise resource management, Mathematical models, MDA, Model transformation, Problem oriented languages, Semantics, Software architecture, Technology transfer}, isbn = {9781632662156}, issn = {07359276}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84901985241\&partnerID=40\&md5=ebb5d7bb28209e8901e06a4b70f40735}, author = {Bocciarelli, P. and Andrea D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio and Giglio, A. and Paglia, E. and Gianni, D.} } @conference {Bocciarelli2014325, title = {A language for enabling model-driven analysis of business processes}, booktitle = {MODELSWARD 2014 - Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Model-Driven Engineering and Software Development}, year = {2014}, note = {cited By 5}, pages = {325-332}, publisher = {SciTePress}, organization = {SciTePress}, abstract = {

The use of simulation-based approaches for the analysis of business processes enables the design-time prediction of the process behavior and/or the operation-time process reconfiguration. However, the effectiveness of BP simulation is still limited for several reasons (e.g., lack of simulation know-how of BP analysts, simulation model parameters that can be hard to gather, large semantic gap between the business process model and the simulation model). To overcome such limitations, this paper introduces a modeldriven method to automatically build the executable simulation code of a business process from its abstract definition in BPMN, the standard language for specifying business processes. The simulation code is specified in eBPMN, a novel domain-specific language that has been designed and implemented according to the BPMN execution semantics. Copyright {\textcopyright} 2014 SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications. All rights reserved.

}, keywords = {BPMN, Business Process, Computer simulation, Computer simulation languages, Domain specific languages, Model transformation, Performance, Problem oriented languages, Semantics, Simulation, Software design, Technology transfer}, isbn = {9789897580079}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84906910126\&partnerID=40\&md5=d8853e490341214705bedcb2f8ce2260}, author = {Bocciarelli, P. and Andrea D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio and Paglia, E.} } @conference {Bocciarelli201448, title = {A methodological template for model driven systems engineering}, booktitle = {CEUR Workshop Proceedings}, volume = {1300}, year = {2014}, note = {cited By 0}, pages = {48-58}, publisher = {CEUR-WS}, organization = {CEUR-WS}, abstract = {The advent of formal modeling languages (e.g., UML and SysML) and system architecture frameworks (e.g., DoDAF and MODAF) has given systems engineers the ability to effectively describe the requirements as well as the behavior and the structure of systems. Approaches founded on the use of modeling languages and frameworks are grouped under the banner of MBSE (Model Based Systems Engineering). The basic idea is that a model evolves over the system development life-cycle, until it becomes the built-to baseline. In this paper, we consider a modeling approach based on the use of a metamodeling architecture that focuses on the use of models as the primary artifacts of system development. We specifically address the use of MDA (Model Driven Architecture), which allows to increase the level of automation when evolving models from the very abstract representation of a system down to the system implementation, thus making easier (i.e., at reduced cost and effort) the analysis, development and testing activities. By applying MDA concepts and standards to MBSE approaches we obtain what we refer to as MDSE (Model Driven Systems Engineering). The paper illustrates a methodological template for MDSE and shows its application to the development of a software-intensive system. Copyright {\textcopyright} held by the authors.}, keywords = {Abstract representation, Application programs, Development and testing, Formal modeling language, Level of automations, Life cycle, MDA(model driven architecture), Model-based systems engineering, Software architecture, Software design, Software intensive systems, Standards, System implementation, Systems engineering}, issn = {16130073}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84915806250\&partnerID=40\&md5=bd972de1f5baef3c33fbef58e187c81d}, author = {Bocciarelli, P. and Andrea D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio and Caponi, E. and Giglio, A. and Paglia, E.}, editor = {D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio A., Leardi C., Arrichiello V., Garro A., Poloni C., Tundis A.} } @booklet { 2108_101595, title = {Proceedings of the INCOSE Italia Conference on Systems Engineering (CIISE 2014)}, year = {2014}, publisher = {CEUR-WS.org}, author = {Arrichiello, V and D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio, A and Garro, A and Leardi, C and Poloni, C and Tundis, A} } @conference {Bocciarelli2014199, title = {A transformation approach to enact the design-time simulation of BPMN models}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Workshop on Enabling Technologies: Infrastructure for Collaborative Enterprises, WETICE}, year = {2014}, note = {cited By 2}, pages = {199-204}, publisher = {IEEE Computer Society}, organization = {IEEE Computer Society}, abstract = {Simulation is a key technique for enabling business process analysts to predict the process behavior at design time. However, some issues limit the effectiveness of business process simulation (e.g., lack of simulation know how, costs and difficulties for gathering process data, semantic gap between the business process model and the simulation model). This paper proposes a model-driven method that automates the generation of executable business process simulation code. In order to address the increasing complexity and to take into account the inherent collaborative aspects of modern business processes, the simulation code produced by the proposed method replicates the business process distributed structure (in terms, e.g., of a service-oriented architecture) by including a set of simulation services that are orchestrated into a distributed simulation execution. The characterization of business processes in terms of the required performance properties is introduced through standard BPMN annotations according to a well-defined syntax, thus avoiding the need of additional languages. The implementation of the executable simulation code is based on the eBPMN language, a domain-specific language that preserves the semantic behavior of the original BPMN standard. {\textcopyright} 2014 IEEE.}, keywords = {Time simulations}, isbn = {9781479942497}, issn = {15244547}, doi = {10.1109/WETICE.2014.27}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84908454476\&partnerID=40\&md5=b0decda34447d3f850f0b68130c5d270}, author = {Bocciarelli, P. and Andrea D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio and Giglio, A. and Paglia, E. and Gianni, D.}, editor = {Reddy S.M.} } @conference {Bocciarelli2012, title = {A model-driven method for building distributed simulation systems from business process models}, booktitle = {Proceedings - Winter Simulation Conference}, year = {2012}, note = {cited By 6}, abstract = {The analysis of modern business processes implemented as orchestration of software services demands for new approaches that explicitly take into account the inherent complexity and distribution characteristics of such processes. In this respect, Distributed Simulation (DS) offers a viable tool to cope with such a demand, due to the aggregation, scalability, representativeness and load balancing properties that it allows to achieve. However, the use of DS is mostly limited by the specialized technical know-how and the extra-development that DS requires with respect to approaches based on conventional local simulation. This paper proposes a model-driven method that enables the DS-based analysis of business processes by introducing the automated transformation of business process models into analysis models that are specified as Extended Queueing Network (EQN) models and executed as distributed simulations. The paper also presents an example application to a business process for an e-commerce scenario. {\textcopyright} 2012 IEEE.}, keywords = {Analysis models, Automated transformations, Business Process, Business process model, Computer simulation, Distributed computer systems, Distributed simulation systems, Distributed simulations, Distribution characteristics, Inherent complexity, Load balancing properties, Model-driven method, New approaches, Software services, Technical know hows, Technology transfer}, isbn = {9781467347792}, issn = {08917736}, doi = {10.1109/WSC.2012.6465106}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84874755866\&partnerID=40\&md5=8d358a15fcb545b3725d825b701fc795}, author = {Bocciarelli, P. and Pieroni, A. and Gianni, D. and Andrea D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio} } @conference {D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio2011155, title = {A model transformation approach for the development of HLA-based distributed simulation systems}, booktitle = {SIMULTECH 2011 - Proceedings of 1st International Conference on Simulation and Modeling Methodologies, Technologies and Applications}, year = {2011}, note = {cited By 3}, pages = {155-160}, abstract = {The development of HLA-based distributed simulation systems requires a significant expertise and a considerable effort for the inherent complexity of the HLA standard. This paper introduces an automated approach for the development of HLA-based simulation systems of higher quality at largely reduced time, effort and cost. The proposed approach is founded on the use of model transformation techniques and relies on standards introduced by the Model Driven Architecture (MDA). The proposed approach takes as input a UML model of the system to be simulated and yields as output both an intermediate UML model and the final code of the HLA-based distributed simulation system.}, keywords = {Computer simulation, Distributed computer systems, Distributed simulation systems, High level architecture, HLA, MDA, Model driven development, Model transformation, Software architecture, Standardization, Unified Modeling Language}, isbn = {9789898425782}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-80052596859\&partnerID=40\&md5=97f5284df768d7865992d397a976c663}, author = {Andrea D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio and Iazeolla, G. and Pieroni, A. and Gianni, D.} } @conference {Iazeolla2010, title = {A distributed approach to the simulation of inherently distributed systems}, booktitle = {Spring Simulation Multiconference 2010, SpringSim{\textquoteright}10}, year = {2010}, note = {cited By 3}, abstract = {Inherently distributed systems are systems that are distributed by their own nature; in other words, they are composed of subsystems, which are physically and geographically separated. Examples of such systems are the distributed computer systems with various hosts geographically located; the wireless systems with a number of base and subscriber stations geographically separated; the satellite constellations, the military battlefields and so on. Such systems have, in many cases, been studied by use of Local Simulation (LS), in other words, a simulation run by a single host, or by use of Distributed Simulation (DS) in which the simulation system is divided into a number of federates, run by separate hosts for the scope of obtaining resource scalability and simulator reusability. In this paper, the DS approach is seen from a different point of view: a way to give higher representativeness to the simulation of inherently distributed systems. The approach consists of locating the federates in the same geographic positions of the subsystems that are designed to become part of the inherently distributed system. In this way, the distributed system can be studied in a very realistic way before being implemented. In this paper the problems and the advantages of this new DS approach are discussed and the technology is presented that supports and facilitates its introduction. {\textcopyright} 2010 SCS.}, keywords = {Distributed approaches, Distributed computer systems, Distributed simulations, Distributed systems, HLA, Network security, Reusability, Satellite constellations, Simulation in-the-loop, Simulation representativeness, Simulation systems, Subscriber stations, Wireless systems}, isbn = {9781450300698}, doi = {10.1145/1878537.1878675}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-78650620361\&partnerID=40\&md5=2f9f3dded848b3a4a02c6b3a7b5e898c}, author = {Iazeolla, G. and Pieroni, A. and Andrea D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio and Gianni, D.} } @conference {Iazeolla201036, title = {A distributed approach to the simulation of inherently distributed systems}, booktitle = {Simulation Series}, volume = {42}, number = {1 BOOK 4}, year = {2010}, note = {cited By 0}, pages = {36-45}, abstract = {Inherently distributed systems are systems that are distributed by their own nature; in other words, they are composed of subsystems, which are physically and geographically separated. Examples of such systems are the distributed computer systems with various hosts geographically located; the wireless systems with a number of base and subscriber stations geographically separated; the satellite constellations, the military battlefields and so on. Such systems have, in many cases, been studied by use of Local Simulation (LS), in other words, a simulation run by a single host, or by use of Distributed Simulation (DS) in which the simulation system is divided into a number of federates, run by separate hosts for the scope of obtaining resource scalability and simulator reusability. In this paper, the DS approach is seen from a different point of view: a way to give higher representativeness to the simulation of inherently distributed systems. The approach consists of locating the federates in the same geographic positions of the subsystems that are designed to become part of the inherently distributed system. In this way, the distributed system can be studied in a very realistic way before being implemented. In this paper the problems and the advantages of this new DS approach are discussed and the technology is presented that supports and facilitates its introduction.}, keywords = {Computer simulation, Distributed approaches, Distributed simulations, HLA, Military battlefields, Reusability, Satellite constellations, Separation, Simulation in-the-loop, Simulation representativeness, Subscriber stations}, isbn = {9781617382048}, issn = {07359276}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84887064085\&partnerID=40\&md5=08dc921115e86c196b23a970cead2f1d}, author = {Iazeolla, G. and Pieroni, A. and Andrea D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio and Gianni, D.} } @conference {Iazeolla2010252, title = {A distributed approach to wireless system simulation}, booktitle = {6th Advanced International Conference on Telecommunications, AICT 2010}, year = {2010}, note = {cited By 4}, pages = {252-262}, abstract = {Many papers have been published that present simulation results for wireless systems, including WiMAX. All such papers do not deal with wireless simulation approaches, and simulation is only seen as a side-means to produce numerical results. This paper does not present simulation numerical predictions. It instead deals with new simulation approaches for wireless systems and presents simulation software technologies. From the approach point of view, the "local" versus the "distributed" simulation approach is investigated to wireless systems. From the technology point of view, two new software tools are presented, for a step forward with respect to existing tools to ease the development of distributed simulation systems. The tools consist of a new distributed simulation environment (wDSEnv) and a new distributed simulation language (wDSLang). Such tools are described and a detailed WiMAX local and distributed simulation example is developed. {\textcopyright} 2010 IEEE.}, keywords = {Computer simulation languages, Computer software, Distributed approaches, Distributed simulation environments, Distributed simulation systems, Distributed simulations, Fuzzy control, IEEE 802.16, Interoperability, Numerical analysis, Numerical predictions, Numerical results, Simulation approach, Simulation result, Simulation software, Software tool, Wimax, WiMax wireless, Wireless simulation, Wireless systems}, isbn = {9780769540214}, doi = {10.1109/AICT.2010.66}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-77955389670\&partnerID=40\&md5=b2c180074951949ca03eb646f638f842}, author = {Iazeolla, G. and Pieroni, A. and Andrea D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio and Gianni, D.} } @inbook { 2108_36836, title = {HLA-Transparent Distributed Simulation of Agent-based Systems}, booktitle = {Modeling Simulation and Optimization --- Focus on Applications}, year = {2010}, publisher = {INTECH}, organization = {INTECH}, author = {Gianni, D and D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio, A and Iazeolla, G and Pieroni, A} } @conference {D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio2010, title = {A MDA-based approach for the development of DEVS/SOA simulations}, booktitle = {Spring Simulation Multiconference 2010, SpringSim{\textquoteright}10}, year = {2010}, note = {cited By 6}, abstract = {The intrinsic complexity of the DEVS formalism and the manual production of DEVS-based simulations might constitute obstacles to the adoption of DEVS for both system modelers and simulation users. To overcome these obstacles, this paper introduces a model-driven approach for the development of DEVS simulations. The approach provides modelers and users with standard graphical modeling languages and with model transformation specifications for automated code production. Specifically, the approach enables the UML specification of DEVS models and automates the generation of DEVS simulations that make use of the DEVS/SOA implementation. An example application to the production of a DEVS/SOA simulation for a basic queuing system is also presented, to show the details of the proposed approach. {\textcopyright} 2010 SCS.}, keywords = {DEVS, Discrete event simulation, MDA, Model transformation, Model-driven development, Software architecture, Specifications, UML}, isbn = {9781450300698}, doi = {10.1145/1878537.1878685}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-78650597613\&partnerID=40\&md5=d354a5334db8120b18b505cf48e0d4cd}, author = {Andrea D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio and Gianni, D. and Risco-Mart{\'\i}n, J.L. and Pieroni, A.} } @conference {D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio20104, title = {A MDA-based approach for the development of DEVS/SOA simulations}, booktitle = {Simulation Series}, volume = {42}, number = {1 BOOK 4}, year = {2010}, note = {cited By 0}, pages = {4-11}, abstract = {The intrinsic complexity of the DEVS formalism and the manual production of DEVS-based simulations might constitute obstacles to the adoption of DEVS for both system modelers and simulation users. To overcome these obstacles, this paper introduces a model-driven approach for the development of DEVS simulations. The approach provides modelers and users with standard graphical modeling languages and with model transformation specifications for automated code production. Specifically, the approach enables the UML specification of DEVS models and automates the generation of DEVS simulations that make use of the DEVS/SOA implementation. An example application to the production of a DEVS/SOA simulation for a basic queuing system is also presented, to show the details of the proposed approach.}, keywords = {DEVS, Discrete event simulation, Mathematical models, MDA, Model driven development, Model transformation, Software architecture, Specifications, UML}, isbn = {9781617382048}, issn = {07359276}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84887115977\&partnerID=40\&md5=d939ce7d1f75fadfcbdeca9335ab3f30}, author = {Andrea D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio and Gianni, D. and Risco-Mart{\'\i}n, J.L. and Pieroni, A.} } @article {D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio2009625, title = {Simulation model building of traffic intersections}, journal = {Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory}, volume = {17}, number = {4}, year = {2009}, note = {cited By 9}, pages = {625-640}, abstract = {Designers of traffic systems might take advantage of the simulation-before-construction approach that allows them to study the behavior of a new or existing system by use of simulation models. Nevertheless, the use of simulation models is often hindered by the fact that the model building activity is a critical, time consuming and error prone activity if performed by use of experience and intuition only. Moreover, traffic designers do not usually have the necessary skills to effectively carry out system simulation. This paper overcomes such problems by introducing a model building method, thus enabling traffic designers to seamlessly introduce simulation-before-construction into their best practices. The method is applied to the building of simulation models of traffic intersections, with an example application to a real-world intersection. {\textcopyright} 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.}, keywords = {Automated model building, Best practices, Error-prone, Existing systems, Intersections, Model buildings, Model-building methods, Real-world, Simulation model production, Specifications, System simulations, Traffic control, Traffic intersection specification, Traffic simulation, Traffic systems}, issn = {1569190X}, doi = {10.1016/j.simpat.2008.11.001}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-62149138054\&partnerID=40\&md5=e6b0fba289eb046089cab4e9984ab819}, author = {Andrea D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio and Iazeolla, G. and Pasini, L. and Pieroni, A.} } @conference {D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio2008460, title = {Distributed simulation of complex systems by use of an HLA-transparent simulation language}, booktitle = {2008 Asia Simulation Conference - 7th International Conference on System Simulation and Scientific Computing, ICSC 2008}, year = {2008}, note = {cited By 5}, pages = {460-467}, abstract = {The continuously decreasing cost of distributed systems gives academics and industry the advantage of using larger execution platforms and of reusing locally implemented software components. This is particularly true for the simulation of complex systems where the computational resources needed considerably increase with the model resolution and with the number of simulated entities. The development of such simulation systems, however, requires extra efforts compared to the conventional local ones. Example extra efforts are learning how to use the Distributed Simulation (DS) Standard (such as HLA) and the development of extra software for the synchronization and communication between the local and distributed environment. In this paper, we address the problem of defining a simulation language that can transparently support the development distributed simulation systems, by making the use of the DS standard transparent and also reducing the amount of extra software. The HLA transparent language we introduce is named jEQN, being Java-based and dealing with Extended Queueing Networks domains. The language approach, however, can be easily extended to any other DS Standard and modelling domain. {\textcopyright} 2008 IEEE.}, keywords = {Complex systems, Computational resources, Computer simulation languages, Computer software, Dielectric relaxation, Distributed environments, Distributed simulation systems, Distributed simulations, Distributed systems, Do-mains, Java programming language, Large scale systems, Linguistics, Model resolutions, Queueing networks, Simulation languages, Simulation systems, Software components, Standardization, Standards}, isbn = {9781424417872}, doi = {10.1109/ASC-ICSC.2008.4675405}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-58049176462\&partnerID=40\&md5=9610842bfbbce4f9f21f913927ec00c1}, author = {Andrea D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio and Gianni, D. and Iazeolla, G. and Pieroni, A.} } @conference {Gianni2008171, title = {Producing simulation sequences by use of a java-based generalized framework}, booktitle = {Proceedings - EMS 2008, European Modelling Symposium, 2nd UKSim European Symposium on Computer Modelling and Simulation}, year = {2008}, note = {cited By 6}, pages = {171-176}, abstract = {The quality and representativeness of simulation results heavily depend on the sequence of numbers used in the experiments. When dealing with simulations of critical systems, it might be necessary to increase the representativeness of such results by running experiments with different sequences and to investigate the system behaviour in specific situations. In large models, however, managing sequence of numbers could become cumbersome and could attract the attention of simulation system developers on the input settings instead of model logic. In this paper, we present a component-based framework for sequence of numbers that offers a high degree of flexibility and raises the simulation system developers from the details of the input sequences while implementing the model logic. The sequences can be thus configured in a following phase and deployed in the simulation systems with almost no effort. {\textcopyright} 2008 IEEE.}, keywords = {Computer systems, Critical systems, Degree of flexibilities, Input sequences, Input settings, Magnetic properties, Magnetic susceptibility, Model logics, Simulation results, Simulation systems, System behaviours}, isbn = {9780769533254}, doi = {10.1109/EMS.2008.52}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-55849093564\&partnerID=40\&md5=e238b9497ca873aa74ae141c715dae45}, author = {Gianni, D. and Andrea D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio and Iazeolla, G. and Pieroni, A.} } @article {D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio2007605, title = {A method for the production of simulation models with application to web interaction paradigms}, journal = {Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory}, volume = {15}, number = {5}, year = {2007}, note = {cited By 2}, pages = {605-620}, abstract = {Modern internet and web applications rely on interactions among remote host computers connected by heterogeneous networks (different LANs, gateways, WANs, MANs, etc.). Simulation modelling such networks is of great importance to the web application designer to predict, at design time, performance metrics such as the end-to-end delay between hosts, which is dramatically increased by the various mechanisms necessary to deal with heterogeneity (protocol conversion, packet fragmentation and re-assembly, flow control, etc.). On the other hand, producing a simulation model of web interactions is a non-trivial task because of the great importance of the software aspects. It is thus necessary to provide general model production guidelines which can be then tailored and applied to specific simulation languages or packages. This paper gives such general production guidelines with an example application to the production of simulation models for web interaction paradigms of client-server and mobile agent types. An example use of the models is also introduced to predict the most convenient paradigm and the best choice of the host capacities for each given network configuration. {\textcopyright} 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.}, keywords = {Client-server, Computer simulation, Interaction paradigms, Internet, Mathematical models, Mobile agents, Network protocols, Object oriented programming, Object-oriented simulation, Servers, Simulation model production, Web applications}, issn = {1569190X}, doi = {10.1016/j.simpat.2004.06.009}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-34147118556\&partnerID=40\&md5=0f9139beebc9c61d01f2520a10350922}, author = {Andrea D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio and Iazeolla, G. and Pasini, L.} } @article {Paoluzzi1999711, title = {A programming approach for complex animations. Part II. Reconstruction of a real disaster}, journal = {CAD Computer Aided Design}, volume = {31}, number = {11}, year = {1999}, note = {cited By 2}, pages = {711-732}, abstract = {Three years ago, during the excavation of a subway gallery near Neaples, a terrible gas explosion occurred with a terrain and building collapse. In this paper, we describe the geometric modeling and the visual simulation of some possible scenarios of the catastrophic event. The geometric models and the visual simulation, as well as the overall animation coordination, were developed using the functional design language PLaSM. Both animation and rendering were performed by an Open Inventor-based animation server, which plays motion data generated by the PLaSM interpreter. This paper will discuss both the design lines and some preliminary results of a very complex visual simulation project, accomplished by using a geometric programming approach. A methodology for symbolic representation of complex animations was already discussed in the companion paper [Bajaj C, Baldazzi C, Cutchin S, Paoluzzi A, Pascucci V, Vicentino M. A programming approach for complex animations. Part I. Methodology. Computer Aided Design 1999;31;695]. {\textcopyright} 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.}, issn = {00104485}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0347595632\&partnerID=40\&md5=d0c15bf1cc494bb54780db91bc20f783}, author = {Paoluzzi, A. and Andrea D{\textquoteright}Ambrogio} }